1. Was a-priori design provided? |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
2. Was there duplicate study selection and data extraction? |
No |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
3. Was a comprehensive literature search performed? |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
4. Was status of publication (e.g. grey literature) used as an inclusion criterion? |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
No |
No |
No |
Yes |
No |
No |
5. Was a list of studies (included and excluded) provided? |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
Can’t answer |
6. Were the characteristics of included studies provided? |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
7. Was the scientific quality of the included studies assessed and reported? |
No |
No |
Can’t answer |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
8. Was the scientific quality of the included studies used appropriately in formulating conclusions? |
No |
No |
Can’t answer |
No |
No |
No |
No |
No |
Yes |
No |
9. Were the methods used to combine the findings of studies appropriate? |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
10. Was the likelihood of publication bias assessed? |
Not applicable |
Yes |
Not applicable |
No |
Not applicable |
Not applicable |
Not applicable |
Yes |
Not applicable |
Yes |
11. Was the conflict of interest stated? |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
Yes |
Total AMSTAR score |
5 (middle) |
7(middle) |
7(middle) |
7(middle) |
4(middle) |
7(middle) |
7(middle) |
8(upper) |
7(middle) |
8 (upper) |