Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of all variables used in Research questions 1 and 2
| JOiN | BIBO | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) or F(%) | Range | M (SD) or F(%) | Range | |
| Behavioral problems | 0.90 (0.76) | 0.00–3.39 | 0.91 (0.76) | 0.00–3.78 |
| Emotional problems | 0.59 (0.51) | 0.00–2.96 | 0.42 (0.44) | 0.00–2.76 |
| Urbanicity | 2.23 (1.36) | 0.00–4.00 | 1.44 (1.08) | 0.00–4.00 |
| AUCi (nmol/l) | 342.34 (132.60) | 66.60–877.40 | 213.23 (118.59) | 37.20–789.00 |
| AUCg (nmol/l) | 7497.46 (2116.77) | 1359.90–15,945.00 | 4819.49 (1361.28) | 2518.25–10,801.13 |
| Cortisol awakening response | 3.18 (6.36) | −22.19-20.90 | – | – |
| Decline | 8.84 (5.36) | −10.80-33.79 | 12.67 (5.03) | −0.35-26.00 |
| SES-Employment | 0.10 (0.95) | −3.94-1.78 | 0.08 (0.92) | −3.05-1.79 |
| SES-Income | −0.12 (0.83) | −2.17-3.01 | 0.01 (0.89) | −1.69-3.30 |
| SES-Multi-ethnicity | – | – | 0.10 (0.90) | −1.79-2.89 |
| Family SES (low/average/high) | 10/21/69 | 0/14/86 | ||
| Age at PSP | 10.64 (1.40) | 7.92–12.92 | 6.04 (0.13) | 5.83–6.75 |
| Sex (male/female) | 47/53 | 51/49 | ||
| Season (summer/winter) | 44/56 | 50/50 | ||
| Time | – | – | 687.86 (34.01) | 570.00–764.00 |
Note. All cortisol measures are indicated in nmol/l. JOiN: n = 306 except pertaining to AUCi (n = 256), and AUCg, Cortisol awakening response and Decline (n = 282); BIBO: n = 141 except pertaining to AUCi (n = 135), and AUCg and Decline (n = 115). AUCi Area under the curve with respect to increase, AUCg Area under the curve with respect to ground, SES Socioeconomic status, PSP Psychosocial stress procedure, Time Time between basal cortisol 1 and basal cortisol 4