FIGURE 2:

Examples of signaling network configurations associated with self-organizing systems. The signaling networks shown on the right are required for the formation of the discrete domains illustrated in red and blue on the left. Feedback is thought to play a role in these examples of self-organization, although additional mechanisms are also likely to be important. Positive and negative feedback are illustrated as gray arrows and lines, respectively. References for the examples shown: neutrophil chemotaxis (Wong et al., 2006); Drosophila epithelial cells (Fletcher et al., 2012; Tian and Deng, 2008); C. elegans embryo (Motegi et al., 2011; Ramanujam et al., 2018).