TABLE II.
Change in Outcome Measures from Preoperative to 6, 12, and 24 Months, and Comparison of These Changes Between TAA and AA Groups*
| TAA (N = 414) | AA (N = 103) | TAA Minus AA | |
| No. of patients | |||
| Preop. | 414 | 103 | |
| 6 mo | 406 | 98 | |
| 12 mo | 396 | 101 | |
| 24 mo | 386 | 93 | |
| FAAM ADL† | |||
| Preop. | 46.7 ± 1.2 | 48.6 ± 1.9 | −1.9 ± 2.0 (−7.4, 3.6) |
| 6 mo vs. preop. | 31.2 ± 0.9 (28.9, 33.6) | 19.7 ± 1.9 (14.6, 24.7) | 11.6 ± 2.1 (5.8, 17.3) |
| 12 mo vs. preop. | 34.7 ± 0.9 (32.3, 37.1) | 23.1 ± 1.9 (18.0, 28.1) | 11.6 ± 2.1 (5.9, 17.3) |
| 24 mo vs. preop. | 35.0 ± 0.9 (32.6, 37.4) | 26.3 ± 1.9 (21.1, 31.5) | 8.7 ± 2.2 (2.8, 14.5) |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| FAAM Sports† | |||
| Preop. | 19.8 ± 2.0 | 21.9 ± 2.9 | −2.1 ± 2.8 (−9.6, 5.5) |
| 6 mo vs. preop. | 33.0 ± 1.3 (29.5, 36.5) | 20.6 ± 2.8 (13.1, 28.0) | 12.4 ± 3.1 (4.0, 20.9) |
| 12 mo vs. preop. | 39.4 ± 1.3 (35.8, 42.9) | 23.2 ± 2.8 (15.7, 30.7) | 16.2 ± 3.1 (7.7, 24.7) |
| 24 mo vs. preop. | 39.7 ± 1.3 (36.0, 43.3) | 31.6 ± 2.8 (23.9, 39.2) | 8.1 ± 3.2 (−0.6, 16.8) |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| SF-36 PCS† | |||
| Preop. | 34.1 ± 0.5 | 35.8 ± 0.9 | −1.6 ± 1.0 (−4.4, 1.1) |
| 6 mo vs. preop. | 11.6 ± 0.4 (10.5, 12.8) | 7.7 ± 0.9 (5.3, 10.2) | 3.9 ± 1.0 (1.1, 6.7) |
| 12 mo vs. preop. | 12.9 ± 0.4 (11.7, 14.0) | 8.0 ± 0.9 (5.6, 10.5) | 4.8 ± 1.0 (2.1, 7.6) |
| 24 mo vs. preop. | 12.3 ± 0.4 (11.2, 13.5) | 8.2 ± 0.9 (5.7, 10.7) | 4.1 ± 1.0 (1.3, 6.9) |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| SF-36 MCS† | |||
| Preop. | 55.5 ± 0.5 | 54.0 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 1.0 (−1.3, 4.2) |
| 6 mo vs. preop. | 0.8 ± 0.4 (−0.3, 2.0) | −1.0 ± 0.9 (−3.4, 1.5) | 1.8 ± 1.0 (−1.0, 4.6) |
| 12 mo vs. preop. | 1.0 ± 0.4 (−0.1, 2.2) | 0.8 ± 0.9 (−1.7, 3.3) | 0.3 ± 1.0 (−2.6, 3.1) |
| 24 mo vs. preop. | 0.8 ± 0.4 (−0.4, 1.9) | 1.9 ± 0.9 (−0.6, 4.5) | −1.2 ± 1.1 (−4.1, 1.7) |
| P value | 0.46 | 0.010 | 0.081 |
| Present pain† | |||
| Preop. | 5.1 ± 0.2 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | −0.3 ± 0.3 (−1.0, 0.4) |
| 12 mo vs. preop. | −3.8 ± 0.1 (−4.2, −3.5) | −3.7 ± 0.3 (−4.4, −2.9) | −0.1 ± 0.3 (−1.0, 0.7) |
| 24 mo vs. preop. | −3.8 ± 0.1 (−4.1, −3.4) | −3.6 ± 0.3 (−4.3, −2.8) | −0.2 ± 0.3 (−1.0, 0.7) |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.84 |
| Worst pain† | |||
| Preop. | 8.5 ± 0.2 | 8.4 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.3 (−0.6, 0.9) |
| 12 mo vs. preop. | −4.9 ± 0.1 (−5.3, −4.6) | −4.1 ± 0.3 (−4.9, −3.3) | −0.9 ± 0.3 (−1.7, 0.0) |
| 24 mo vs. preop. | −5.4 ± 0.1 (−5.8, −5.1) | −4.3 ± 0.3 (−5.1, −3.6) | −1.1 ± 0.3 (−2.0, −0.2) |
| P value | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.003 |
Linear mixed effects regression of outcome on study visit-by-surgery type interaction. All models included confounders of age, sex, and BMI. Additional confounders include arthritis cause and previous surgery for FAAM ADL; employment for FAAM Sport; employment, depression and/or anxiety history, and current smoking for SF-36 MCS; and previous surgery, depression and/or anxiety history, FCI, and current smoking for present pain. Site and patient within site were modeled as random. The p values were derived with the omnibus test to determine significant improvement in outcome across the study follow-up period (first 2 columns) or the differences in improvement by surgery type (third column). Differences in bold are significant (p < 0.05) after adjustment for multiple comparisons within the same model.
The scores are given as the mean and standard deviation with or without the 95% CI in parentheses.