Table 5. Results of Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) analysis of connectivity of Perth’s vegetation from 1988 to 2018.

Landscape type	Year	Perth Metropolitan Region		Within golf courses
		Area (ha)	Proportion of total VCA (%)	Area (ha)	Proportion of total VCA (%)
Core	1988	32,012	32.6	325	23.2
	1998	20,607	22.5	171	12.7
	2008	22,251	25.3	230	16.7
	2018	18,101	22.5	383	27.3
Bridge	1988	37,127	37.9	738	52.6
	1998	39,412	43.0	814	60.2
	2008	37,902	43.1	732	53.1
	2018	37,503	46.7	588	42.0
Islet	1988	10,396	10.6	31	2.2
	1998	16,436	17.9	78	5.8
	2008	12,922	14.7	15	1.1
	2018	12,349	15.4	37	2.7
Perforation	1988	1,099	1.1	3	0.2
	1998	486	0.5	-	-
	2008	834	1.0	-	-
	2018	406	0.5	6	0.4
Edge	1988	7,430	7.6	162	11.5
	1998	4,814	5.3	95	7.0
	2008	4,986	5.7	147	10.7
	2018	5,218	6.5	230	16.4
Loop	1988	5,670	5.8	112	8.0
	1998	6,295	6.9	146	10.8
	2008	5,607	6.4	209	15.2
	2018	3,669	4.6	129	9.2
Branch	1988	4,361	4.5	32	2.3
	1998	3,619	4.0	47	3.5
	2008	3,491	4.0	43	3.2
	2018	3,117	3.9	29	2.1