Table 4.

Steady-state kinetic parameters for next base extension from G (or N²-AnthG): C pair template:primer termini by human wild-type and variant pol κ¹⁻⁵²⁶ enzymes

base-pair at 3′ primer termini (template:primer)	pol κ1−526	extension with dGTP (the correct nucleotide opposite next template C)
		Km (μM)	kcat (s−1)	kcat/Km (mM−1 s−1)	relative extension efficiencya
G:C	wild-type	5.0 ± 0.9	0.28 ± 0.02	56	1
	L21F	9.0 ± 1.3	0.30 ± 0.02	33	0.59
	I39T	6.0 ± 1.3	0.16 ± 0.01	27	0.48
	D189G	8.2 ± 0.7	0.40 ± 0.01	49	0.88
	R219I	6.0 ± 1.0	0.50 ± 0.03	83	1.5
	E419G	23 ± 7	0.30 ± 0.03	13	0.23
	S423R	1.4 ± 0.2	0.27 ± 0.01	190	3.4
	Y432S	25 ± 4	0.080 ± 0.004	3.2	0.057
N2-AnthG:C	wild-type	14 ± 2	0.54 ± 0.02	39	0.70
	L21F	65 ± 18	0.41 ± 0.06	6.3	0.11
	I39T	97 ± 12	0.60 ± 0.03	6.2	0.11
	D189G	200 ± 10	0.60 ± 0.02	3.0	0.054
	R219I	7.3 ± 3.0	0.20 ± 0.02	27	0.48
	E419G	27 ± 6	0.048 ± 0.004	1.8	0.032
	S423R	3.7 ± 0.4	0.12 ± 0.03	32	0.57
	Y432S	24 ± 3	0.051 ± 0.003	2.1	0.038

^aRelative extension efficiency, calculated by dividing k_cat/K_m of each pol κ¹⁻⁵²⁶ for each dGTP incorporation opposite the next template C from the G (or N²-AnthG):C pair by k_cat/K_m of wild type pol κ¹⁻⁵²⁶ for dGTP incorporation opposite the next template C from the undamaged G:C pair.