FIG 4.
Bacterial dynamics given joint exposure to phage and antibiotic. We simulate bacterial growth for 96 h in exposure to phage (blue dashed line) and antibiotic (data not shown) added 2 h after the beginning of the inoculation. The combination of phage and antibiotic is tested against two different bacterial inocula. The first inoculum consisted of exclusively phage-sensitive bacteria (a to c), BP (orange solid line). The second inoculum consisted of antibiotic-sensitive bacteria (d to f), BA (green solid line). Additionally, we test three different models of phage infection, heterogeneous mixing (a and d), phage saturation (b and e), and linear infection (c and f). The initial bacterial density and phage density are B0 = 7.4 × 107 CFU/g and P0 = 7.4 × 108 PFU/g, respectively. Ciprofloxacin is maintained at a constant concentration of 2.5× MIC (i.e., 0.0350 μg/ml) during the simulations.