Table 4.
Assessment tool scores for evaluation of the literacy demands of self-directed learning resources on emergency preparedness for U.S. families, by information source, audience type, and disaster type
| Literacy Assessment Tool, Mean (SD) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | N | Flesch-Kincaid b | PMOSE/IKIRSCH b | SAM c | NLM/NIA c | CDC CCI c |
| Overall | 386 | 9.6 (2.1) | 3.5 (1.0) | 61.6 (12.3) | 16.9 (1.7) | 66.6 (15.3) |
| Information Source | ||||||
| Government Institution | 119 | 9.9 (2.3) | 3.7 (1.1)† | 60.5 (13.5) | 17.1 (1.6) | 64.3 (16.1) |
| News Organization | 41 | 9.1 (2.0) | 3.0 (1.0)** | 60.2 (8.3) | 15.5 (1.2)** | 64.7 (10.4) |
| Educational Institution | 33 | 9.2 (0.8) | 3.6 (1.2) | 62.8 (13.2) | 16.1 (1.4)** | 68.8 (12.4) |
| Healthcare Institution a | 0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Non-Profit Organization | 81 | 9.5 (2.2) | 3.6 (1.1) | 65.0 (11.2)* | 17.1 (1.7) | 66.9 (16.0) |
| Private Company | 98 | 9.4 (2.0) | 3.3 (0.6)† | 60.5 (11.6) | 16.8 (1.6) | 69.2 (13.5) |
| Other | 14 | 8.6 (2.1) | 3.3 (0.5) | 59.4 (13.8) | 16.8 (2.7) | 67.0 (20.1) |
| Audience Type | ||||||
| Parents/caregivers of CSHCN | 18 | 8.3 (1.2)* | 5.3 (2.9)** | 68.7 (7.4)* | 16.8 (2.4) | 75.7 (10.0)* |
| Parents/caregivers of children (not CSHCN) | 54 | 9.4 (2.3) | 3.7 (0.7) | 70.2 (10.7)** | 17.9 (1.6)** | 73.5 (15.5)** |
| Children a | 0 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| General | 272 | 9.5 (2.1) | 3.4 (0.8) | 60.2 (11.9) | 16.8 (1.5) | 65.5 (14.8) |
| Other clearly specified audience | 42 | 10.6 (2.1)** | 3.5 (0.8) | 59.2 (13.8) | 16.1 (1.9)** | 63.8 (16.8) |
| Disaster Type | ||||||
| Blizzards | 25 | 8.9 (1.6) | 3.6 (1.3) | 58.7 (13.7) | 16.7 (1.6) | 71.3 (13.7) |
| Droughts | 16 | 10.5 (2.0) | 3.0 (0.0)† | 62.9 (13.5) | 15.5 (1.6)** | 67.3 (18.7) |
| Earthquakes | 39 | 8.9 (1.6)† | 3.5 (0.6) | 64.2 (10.5) | 16.7 (1.8) | 66.1 (12.3) |
| Floods | 33 | 9.5 (2.0) | 3.9 (1.1)* | 60.8 (10.0) | 16.4 (2.0) | 61.1 (21.4)† |
| Heat Waves | 26 | 8.7 (1.4)* | 3.4 (0.6) | 64.7 (11.5) | 17.2 (1.4) | 64.6 (13.7) |
| Hurricanes | 31 | 9.5 (2.8) | 3.5 (0.6) | 61.6 (11.1) | 17.5 (1.5)† | 64.6 (13.8) |
| Thunderstorms | 33 | 8.9 (1.4)† | 3.3 (0.7) | 58.4 (14.5) | 16.8 (1.3) | 62.0 (9.0) |
| Tornadoes | 38 | 9.6 (1.8) | 3.4 (0.8) | 62.0 (14.5) | 17.0 (1.6) | 65.4 (16.5) |
| Volcanic Eruptions | 47 | 9.9 (1.8) | 3.2 (0.4)† | 62.5 (9.7) | 16.9 (1.8) | 68.5 (13.8) |
| Wildfires | 26 | 9.6 (2.0) | 3.8 (1.1) | 62.4 (17.6) | 16.6 (1.7) | 68.3 (15.9) |
| General | 72 | 9.6 (1.3) | 3.2 (0.3)* | 63.1 (8.8) | 16.7 (1.3) | 68.4 (10.2) |
Notes.
CSHCN: Children with Special Health Care Needs. SD: Standard Deviation.
Flesch-Kincaid: Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level,21 Range: 0.0-12.0.
PMOSE/IKIRSCH: Peter Mosenthal and Irwin Kirsch Document Complexity Level,22 Range: 1.0-5.0.
SAM: Suitability Assessment of Materials Score,23 Range: 0.0-100.0.
NLM/NIA: National Library of Medicine/National Institute on Aging Web Usability Guidelines Score,24 Range: 0.0-25.0. CDC CCI: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clear Communication Index Score,25 Range: 0.0-100.0.
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.10.
Although this category was explicitly indicated in searches, no websites were ultimately included in this category.
A lower score for this tool is “better” (i.e., has lower literacy demands).
A higher score for this tool is “better” (i.e., has lower literacy demands).