Table II. Legal limits for ART access.
Countries | Are there legal limits? | Female | Male | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Minimal age (years) | Maximum age (years) | Minimal age (years) | Maximum age (years) | ||
Albania | x | No | 50 | No | No |
Austria | x | 18 | Natural cycle available | 18 | No |
Armenia | No | ||||
Belarus | x | 18 | 50 | 18 | No |
Belgium | x | 18 | 45 y for oocyte retrieval; 47 y for embryo transfer | No | No |
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Fed | No | ||||
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Rep | No | ||||
Bulgaria | x | 18 | 51 | 18 | No |
Croatia | x | 18 | No | 18 | No |
Cyprus | x | 18 | 50 | 18 | No |
Czech Republic | x | 18 | 49 | 18 | No |
Denmark | x | 18 | 45 | 18 | No |
Estonia | x | 18 | 50 | 18 | No |
Finland | x | No | 40-45 (not in the law but in practice) | No | 60 (not in the law but in practice) |
France | x | `normal reproductive age’ | |||
Georgia | Yes | ||||
Germany | No | ||||
Greece | x | 18 | 50 | 18 | No |
Hungary | x | 18 | 49 | 18 | No |
Iceland | No | ||||
Ireland | No | ||||
Italy | x | No | 46*** | No | No |
Kazakhstan | x | 19 | No | No | No |
Latvia | x | 18 | 18 | ||
Lithuania | x | 18 | No | 18 | No |
Macedonia | x | No | No | No | No |
Malta | x | 25 | 48 | No | No |
Moldova | No | ||||
Montenegro | x | 18 | No | 18 | No |
Norway | x | No | No | No | No |
Poland | No | ||||
Portugal | x | 18 | 50 | 18 | 60 |
Republic of Serbia | No | ||||
Romania | x | 18 | 48 (own eggs); 50 (donated eggs) | 18 | No |
Russia | No | ||||
Slovakia | x | 18 | 50 | 18 | No |
Slovenia | x | 18 | Reproductive age | 18 | No |
Spain | x | 18 | Age of menopause (50 x 2) | 18 | No |
Sweden | x | 18 | No | 18 | 56 (not in the law; recommendation) |
Switzerland | x | No | No | No | see foot-note** |
The Netherlands | x | No | 49 | No | No |
Turkey | No | ||||
UK | x | 18 | 18 | ||
Ukraine | x | 18 | No | 18 | No |
* `normal reproductive age’, decided by the multidisciplinary staff of the centre, with valid consent of both members of the couple
**The potential father should be able to be alive until the child is 18 years old
***In all regions of the country with one exception where ART is allowed up to 50 years old