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. 2020 Feb 5;10:1864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58740-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Temporal regulation of identified ESCRT proteins and transcripts. (a) Data-matrix heat map representing Z-score values of 6, 10, 12 and ≥20 DAP. Heat map was prepared using Microsoft Excel. Scale: grey = smallest value; blue = 50% quantile; pink = highest value. HvTOL1, HvTOL2, HvTOL8, and HvVPS20.1 show a high abundance at developmental phase I, but a continuous decrease over the development of barley grain. HvTOL3, HvSNF7.1, and HvSNF7.2 exhibit an expression peak during developmental phase II, while HvVPS4 continuously accumulated during the early grain development up to developmental phase III. (b) Temporal quantification of HvESCRT transcripts in developing barley grains. Bar graphs describe the average over three biological replicates of the normalized transcripts from HvTOL1/HvTOL2/HvTOL3/HvTOL8, HvVPS20.1, HvSNF7.1/HvSNF7.2 and HvSKD1 at 6, 10, 12 and ≥20 DAP. For statistical analyses we performed a Student’s t-test (n = 3). Bars represent standard deviation; p-values are indicated.