Figure 3.

Association of sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease with incident stage 3 chronic kidney disease. Both SCT and SCD were associated with a significantly increased risk for incident CKD after adjustment. Within each phenotype, this risk was higher in males on sub-analysis. Adjusted for baseline age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of cardiovascular disease, smoking status, acute kidney injury, ACEi/ARB use, urine albumin: creatinine ratio categories and baseline eGFR. SCT models were also adjusted for hemoglobin electrophoresis indications. SCT, sickle cell trait; SCD, sickle cell disease.