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. 2020 Jan 30;13:585. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00585

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Treatment with liraglutide decreased the inflammatory response at both the mRNA and protein levels. (A) The levels of mRNA expression in brain tissue 24 h after hypoxic–ischemic (HI) injury normalized to those of β-actin for each sample. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. the HI group. n = 5. Values are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 5. Protein expression level (B) and quantification data (C) of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) 24 h after HI injury. *P < 0.05 vs. the sham group. #P < 0.05 vs. the HI group. Values are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 3. Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of TNF-α (green) in the cortex (D), hippocampus (E), and nucleus (blue) labeled with DAPI. Scale bar = 25 μm.