Study	Reason for exclusion
Armstrong 1999	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Armstrong 2001	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Barwitz 1999	Inappropriate study design
Braybrook 1996	Inappropriate control group
Bryars 1991	ITS with insufficient data points
Bush 1979	Data for intervention and control groups collected for different times
Cates 1999	Intervention not appropriate for inclusion
Chalker 2001	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Cohen 2000	Outcome measure not objective
Damsgaard 2001	Outcome measure not objective
Deiderichsen 2000	Intervention not appropriate for review
Ekedahl 1995	No objective outcome measure
Erramouspe 1989	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Fagan 2001	Intervention not appropriate for review
Farris 1996	Inappropriate control group
Faryna 1987	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Friis 1989	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Friis 1993	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Garica Lirola 1999	Inappropriate control group
Goode 2000	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Guiscafre 1988	Inappropriate control group
Guiscafre 1995	No control group
Gutierrez 1994	Antibiotic data not extractable
Hueston 1997	No intervention
Ibrahim 1997	No baseline data
Ives 1987	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Kafle 1995	Outcome measure not objective
Klein 1981	Inappropriate control group (intervention group trainees, control group fully trained physicians)
Leach 1999	Full antibiotic data not available (authors contacted)
Lohr 1980	No control group
Lundborg 1999b	Reported physician's evaluation of intervention only
Mallet 2001	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Margolis 1992	No control group
Melander 1999	In appropriate control group; no objective outcome measure
Molstad 1989	ITS without enough datapoints
Molstad 1994
Molstad 1999	ITS but no specified point in time where intervention occurred
Motheral 1999	Antibiotic data not extractable
Munck 1998	Outcome measure not objective
Needham 1988	No control group
North England 1992	Appropriate baseline data not available
O'Connor 1996	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Ochoa 1996	No baseline data available
Ornstein 1997	ITS not analysed appropriately and datapoints not available (author contacted) for reanalysis
Perez Rodriguez 1994	Data for controls not available
Poses 1995	Data for intervention and control groups collected for different time periods
Putnam 1985	Antibiotic data not available (authors contacted)
Raz 1995	Inappropriate control group
Saint 1999	Appropriate baseline data not available
Stuart 1997	Antibiotic data not extractable
Suchyta 2001	No control group
Temte 1999	ITS with insufficient data points, trainees only
Vedsted 1997	Antibiotic data not extractable
Walley 2000	Inappropriate study design
Wood 1997	No control group, no extractable antibiotic data
Wyatt 1992	ITS with insufficient datapoints
Zuriguel 1993	Inappropriate control group
Zwar 1995	Included trainees only
Zwar 1999	Included trainees only
Zwar 2002	Follow up data from Zwar 1999