Figure 5.

NRF2 induction shows anti‐inflammatory effects. Cytokine secretion from astrocytes upon inflammatory stimulation. (a) Interleukin‐2 (IL‐2). (b) Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). (c) Interleukin‐10 (IL‐10). (d) Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). Secretion of inflammatory cytokines is increased in AD cells when compared with healthy control cells. Induction of NRF2 reduces cytokine secretion from cells of both genotypes. Relative levels are shown as fold change to inflammatory stimulated isogenic control astrocytes and presented as mean ± SEM, n = 3 independent experiments with two isogenic pairs. ***p < .001; **p < 0.01. ns, non‐significant