Table 1.
Characteristics of patients and treatments
| No. of Overall Cases | No. of Cases With Reported Treatment Status | Medical Treatment Alone | Surgery | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | No. of Cases/ Overall Reported No., (%) | No. of Cases/ Total Reported Case No., (%) | No. of Cases/ Total Reported Case No., (%) | |
| Overall | 70 | 60 | 29 | 31 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 64/70 (91.4%) | 54 | 27/29 (93.1%) | 27/31 (87.1%) |
| Male | 6/70 (8.6%) | 6 | 2/29 (6.9%) | 4/31 (12.9%) |
| Age, y | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 39.00 (32.50-49.75) | 39 (37-48) | 35 (23-48) | |
| Country | ||||
| Japan | 26/70 (37.1%) | 18 | 11/29 (37.9%) | 7/31 (22.6%) |
| United States | 23/70 (32.9%) | 23 | 6/29 (20.7%) | 17/31 (54.8%) |
| United Kingdom | 9/70 (12.9%) | 8 | 6/29 (20.7%) | 2/31 (6.5%) |
| Other | 12/70 (17.1%) | 11 | 6/29 (20.7%) | 5/31 (16.1%) |
| Known thyroid disease | ||||
| Total | 37/70 (52.8%) | 31 | 11 | 20 |
| Hashimoto thyroiditis | 23/37 (62.2%) | 22 | 9/11 (81.8%) | 13/20 (65.0%) |
| Graves disease | 5/37 (13.5%) | 3 | 0/11 | 3/20 (15.0%) |
| Seronegative goiter | 9/37 (24.3%) | 6 | 2/11 (18.2%) | 4/20 (20.0%) |
| Fever | 17/43 (39.5%) | 11 | 4/19 (21.1%) | 7/15 (46.7%) |
| Recent history of URI | 5/37 (13.5%) | 4 | 2/20 (10.0%) | 2/9 (22.2%) |
| Leukocytosis | 3/27 (11.1%) | 3 | 2/11 (18.2%) | 1/8 (12.5%) |
| Elevated ESR level | 35/57 (61.4%) | 26 | 17/27 (63.0%) | 9/21 (42.9%) |
| Elevated CRP level | 23/29 (79.3%) | 16 | 9/11 (81.8%) | 7/10 (70.0%) |
| Positive anti-TPO at initial presentation | 45/54 (83.3%) | 37 | 16/21 (76.2%) | 21/23 (91.3%) |
| Presence anti-Tg at initial presentation | 37/52 (71.2%) | 31 | 13/21 (61.9%) | 18/21 (85.7%) |
| Initial thyroid functiona | ||||
| Hypothyroidism | 23/64 (35.9%) | 23 | 9/28 (32.1%) | 14/35 (40.0%) |
| Euthyroidism | 18/64 (28.1%) | 17 | 10/28 (35.7%) | 7/35 (20.0%) |
| Thyrotoxicosis | 23/64 (35.9%) | 23 | 9/28 (32.1%) | 14/35 (40.0%) |
| RAIU (uptake at 24 h) | ||||
| < 15% | 19/35 (54.3%) | 11 | 8/14 (57.1%) | 3/13 (23.1%) |
| 15% to 30% | 8/35 (22.9%) | 8 | 3/14 (21.4%) | 5/13 (38.5%) |
| > 30% | 8/35 (22.9%) | 8 | 3/14 (21.4%) | 5/13 (38.5%) |
| Ultrasound showed increased vascularity | 5/6 (83.3%) | 5 | 2/3 (66.7%) | 3/3 (100%) |
| Last thyroid function after treatmenta | ||||
| Hypothyroidism | 21/38 (55.3%) | 21 | 10/19 (52.6%) | 5/10 (50.0%) |
| Euthyroidism | 17/38 (44.7%) | 14 | 9/19 (47.4%) | 5/10 (50.0%) |
| Thyrotoxicosis | 0 | 0 | 0/19 | 0/10 |
| Decreased size of thyroid at end of follow-up | 21/32 (65.6%) | 18 | 8/12 (66.7%) | 10/12 (83.3%) |
Plus–minus values are means ± SD. A total of 100% may not be achieved because values were rounded off.
Abbreviations: anti-Tg, antithyroglobulin; anti-TPO, antithyroid peroxidase; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; IQR, interquartile range; RAIU, radioactive iodine uptake; URI, upper respiratory tract infection.
aIf patients appeared euthyroid but on levothyroxine treatment, they were classified as having hypothyroidism. Patients who were on antithyroid medications were classified as having thyrotoxicosis.