TABLE. Characteristics of carfentanil-involved overdose deaths — Sarasota area (Sarasota, Manatee, and DeSoto counties) and the rest of Florida, 2016 and 2017.
| Characteristic | 2016 (N = 548) |
2017 (N = 633) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sarasota area n = 114 |
Rest of Florida n = 434 |
p-value* | Sarasota area n = 110 |
Rest of Florida n = 523 |
p-value* | |
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | |||
|
Age group (yrs)
| ||||||
| <25 |
11 (9.7) |
46 (10.6) |
NS |
9 (8.2) |
64 (12.2) |
NS |
| 25–34 |
40 (35.1) |
168 (38.7) |
39 (35.4) |
202 (38.6) |
||
| 35–44 |
33 (28.9) |
107 (24.7) |
31 (28.2) |
123 (23.5) |
||
| 45–54 |
18 (15.8) |
66 (15.2) |
22 (20.0) |
82 (15.7) |
||
| ≥55 |
12 (10.5) |
47 (10.8) |
9 (8.2) |
52 (9.9) |
||
| Median age (yrs) |
35.5 |
35.0 |
— |
36.0 |
34.0 |
— |
|
Sex
| ||||||
| Female |
22 (19.3) |
94 (21.7) |
NS |
35 (31.8) |
116 (22.2) |
<0.05 |
| Male |
92 (80.7) |
340 (78.3) |
75 (68.2) |
407 (77.8) |
||
|
Race
| ||||||
| White |
105 (92.1) |
391 (90.1) |
NS |
96 (87.3) |
477 (91.2) |
NS |
| Other |
9 (7.9) |
43 (9.9) |
14 (12.7) |
46 (8.8) |
||
|
Co-occurring substance
| ||||||
|
Opioid
| ||||||
| Fentanyl |
8 (7.0) |
98 (22.6) |
<0.001 |
23 (20.9) |
124 (23.7) |
NS |
| Heroin |
9 (7.9) |
102 (23.5) |
<0.001 |
11 (10.0) |
136 (26.0) |
<0.001 |
| Methadone |
8 (7.0) |
14 (3.2) |
NS |
8 (7.3) |
12 (2.3) |
<0.05 |
| Morphine |
18 (15.8) |
162 (37.3) |
<0.001 |
37 (33.6) |
170 (32.5) |
NS |
| Other fentanyl analog† |
<5 (1.8) |
112 (25.8) |
<0.001 |
19 (17.3) |
99 (18.9) |
NS |
| Oxycodone |
11 (9.6) |
44 (10.1) |
NS |
<5 (3.6) |
44 (8.4) |
NS |
|
Other
| ||||||
| Alcohol |
37 (32.5) |
104 (24.0) |
NS |
33 (30.0) |
105 (20.1) |
<0.05 |
| Alprazolam |
27 (23.7) |
84 (19.4) |
NS |
18 (16.4) |
128 (24.5) |
NS |
| Cocaine |
58 (50.9) |
223 (51.4) |
NS |
59 (53.6) |
218 (41.7) |
<0.05 |
| Methamphetamine | 10 (8.8) | 31 (7.1) | NS | 16 (14.5) | 37 (7.1) | <0.05 |
Abbreviation: NS = not significant.
* By chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test when expected cell counts were <5.
† Beginning in January 2016, Florida tested for and reported the following analogs: acetyl fentanyl, beta-hydroxythiofentanyl, butyryl fentanyl/isobutyryl fentanyl, carfentanil, despropionyl fentanyl (4-ANPP), despropionyl fluorofentanyl, fluorobutyryl/fluoroisobutyryl fentanyl, fluorofentanyl, and furanyl fentanyl.