Table 1.
Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma according to tumor programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression status (negative vs positive)
| Characteristic | PD‐L1 negative (n = 119) | PD‐L1 positive (n = 27) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 54 (45.4%) | 17 (63.0%) | .099 |
| Female | 65 (54.6%) | 10 (37.0%) | |
| Age at surgery, year | 69 [33‐84] | 66 [34‐79] | .325 |
| Smoking | |||
| Never | 88 (73.9%) | 10 (37.0%) | <.001 |
| Former | 31 (26.1%) | 17 (63.0%) | |
| CEA | 2.1 [0.3‐63.8) | 2.85 [0.7‐7.6] | .828 |
| Histological type | |||
| AIS | 39 (32.8%) | 0 (0%) | <.001 |
| Invasive AC | 80 (67.2%) | 27 (100%) | |
| MIA | 15 | 0 | |
| Lepidic | 23 | 3 | |
| Acinar | 0 | 2 | |
| Papillary | 35 | 19 | |
| Solid | 1 | 3 | |
| IMA | 6 | 0 | |
| Diameter (mm) | 0.6 [0.5‐3.0] | 1.5 [0.6‐3.0] | <.001 |
| EGFR mutation | |||
| Present | 64 (53.8%) | 6 (22.2%) | .003 |
| Absent | 55 (46.2%) | 21 (77.8%) | |
| Lymphatic permeation | |||
| Present | 3 (2.5%) | 3 (11.1%) | .077 |
| Absent | 116 (97.5%) | 24 (88.9%) | |
| Vascular invasion | |||
| Present | 4 (3.4%) | 4 (14.8%) | .039 |
| Absent | 115 (96.6%) | 23 (85.2%) | |
AC, adenocarcinoma; AIS, adenocarcinoma in situ; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; IMA, invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma; MIA, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma.