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. 2020 Feb 6;10:2030. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58922-7

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Airflow rate for healthy, COPD and NMD models. The cough peak flow rate of the healthy model is obviously higher than that of the COPD and NMD models. There is a much more rapid decline in flow in the COPD model. (b) Airflow rate for COPD patients with MA, MI and MIE coughing techniques. (c) Airflow rate for NMD patients with MA, MI, ME and MIE coughing techniques.