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. 2020 Feb 6;10:1973. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58584-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Close up of spines from wild-type, PKS- and FMO3-null animals. Wild-type spines have two sources of pigment, that in the individual cells throughout the surface (stroma) of the spine, and that throughout the complex latticework (stereom) of the spine. Note the variation in spine color in the wild-type spines (from one individual) and the cross-sectional patches of more or less pigment in the core of the spine. PKS-null spines have neither pigment in individual cells at the surface, nor in the core of the spine. FMO3 spines on the other hand have a pastel purple throughout the core of the spine and an occasional single cell of pigment at the surface. The overall morphology of the spines in each case is otherwise indistinguishable from each other, and GCM has the same phenotype as does PKS (data not shown). Scale bar = 50 microns.