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. 2020 Feb 6;3:17. doi: 10.1038/s41746-020-0221-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — They are composed of (1) base: the rules that are programmed into the system (knowledge-based), the algorithm used to model the decision (non-knowledge based), as well as the data available, (2) inference engine: takes the programmed or AI-determined rules, and data structures, and applies them to the patient’s clinical data to generate an output or action, which is presented to the end user (eg. physician) through the (3) communication mechanism: the website, application, or EHR frontend interface, with which the end user interacts with the system⁹.