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. 2020 Feb 6;10:2062. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59038-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Surgical establishment of the mandibular critical size defect in the minipig model for implantation of empty and pADSCs-seeded TCP-PLGA scaffolds. An osteoperiosteal segmental mandibular defect of 1 cm length was made after adjustment of the titanium plate. (a) Submandibular skin incision with reflection of the mucoperiosteal flap exposing the body of the mandible with predetermining the dimension of the osseous defect using a ruler. (b) An initial cuts were done in the mandibular bone outlining the critical size defect. (c) Creating the mandibular critical size defect by cutting through the bone using reciprocating saw. (d) Fixation of the mandible with a load-bearing osteosynthesis plate to guarantee stability and avoid mandibular fractures. Scale bar = 1 mm.