Table 3.
Effect of extended preloading on reinforcement, drive to smoke, and aversion: run-in phase intent-to-treat study population (n = 242).
| Variable | Baseline |
Week 4 |
Week 6 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extended Preloading | Standard Preloading | p value | Extended Preloading | Standard Preloading | p value | Extended Preloading | Standard Preloading | p value | |
| Positive Reinforcement | |||||||||
| mCEQ satisfaction (items 1, 2, 12) | 4·8 (1·3)[4·57– 5·03] | 4·9 (1·4) [4·65 – 5.15] |
0·32 | 3·9 (1·4) [3·63 – 4·17] |
4·3 (1·2) [4·06 – 4·54] |
0·04 | 3·6 (1·4) [3·31 – 3·89] |
3·8 (1·4) [3·50 – 4·11] |
0·24 |
| Negative Reinforcement | |||||||||
| mCEQ psychological reward (item 4– 8) | 4·5 (1·2) [4·29 – 4·71] |
4·7 (1·3) [4·47 – 4·93] |
0·23 | 3·8 (1·4) [3·53 – 4·07] |
4·1 (1·2) [3·86 – 4·34] |
0·05 | 3·5 (1·2) [3·26 – 3·75] |
3·6 (1·3) [3·32 – 3·88] |
0·31 |
| Drive to Smoke | |||||||||
| MPSS-C (items 8– 9) | 3·33 (0·91) [3·17 – 3·49] |
3·33 (1·04) [3·14 – 3·12] |
0·50 | 1·98 (1·13) [1·76 – 2·20] |
2·64 (1·19) [2·40 – 2·88] |
< 0·001 | 1·64 (1·05) [1·43 – 1·85] |
2·37 (1·15) [2·12 – 2·62] |
< 0·001 |
| MPSS-C (item 8) urges | 3·39 (1·16) [3·18 – 3·60] |
3·41 (1·22) [3·19 – 3·63] |
0·44 | 1·96 (1·26) [1·72 – 2·20] |
2·67 (1·30) [2·41 – 2·93] |
< 0·001 | 1·57 (1·07) [1·35 – 1·79] |
2·42 (1·25) [2·15 – 2·69] |
< 0·001 |
| MPSS-C (item 9) strength | 3·26 (1·01) [3·08 – 3·44] |
3·24 (1·06) [3·05 – 3·43] |
0·43 | 1·99 (1·19) [1·76 – 2·22] |
2·61 (1·20) [2·37 – 2·85] |
< 0·001 | 1·72 (1·15) [1·49 – 1·96] |
2·32 (1·19) [2·06 – 2·58] |
< 0·001 |
| MPSS-M (items 1– 7) | 2·02 (0·95) [1·85 – 2·19] |
2·17 (1·02) [1·99 – 2·35] |
0·12 | 1·91 (0·75) [1·77 – 2·05] |
1·95 (0·73) [1·80 – 2·10] |
0·37 | 1·98 (0·75) [1·83 – 2·13] |
1·95 (0·75) [1·79 – 2·11] |
0·39 |
| Aversion | |||||||||
| Nausea n (%) | 0 (0·0) | 0 (0·0) | 1·000 | 42 (39·6) [30·3–48·9] |
11 (11·5) [5·1 – 17·9] |
< 0·001 | 26 (28·6) [19·4 – 37·8] |
19 (23·5) [14·3 – 32·7] |
0·49 |
| mCEQ aversion subscale (items 9– 10) | 2·5 (1·4) [2·25–2·75] |
2·7 (1·5) [2·43–2·97] |
0·11 | 2·8 (1·6) [2·50–3·11] |
2·5 (1·4) [2·22 – 2·78] |
0·10 | 2·6 (1·3) [2·30 – 2·87] |
2·1 (1·2) [1·84 – 2·36] |
0·03 |
The MPSS was administered to all participants. The mCEQ was administered only to participants striving for abstinence. Values are the mean (SD) [95% CI].
MPSS-C, Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale-Craving; MPSS-M, Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale-Mood; mCEQ, modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation.