Table 2.
Summaries of the studies on ultrasound-responsive nanobubbles.
| Core | Shell | Cargo | Ultrasonic frequency | Therapeutic area | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gas-generating calcium carbonate | PEG-PAsp | Doxorubicin | 40 MHz | Squamous Cell Carcinoma | (Min et al., 2015) |
| C3F8 | Herceptin- PEGylated phospholipid-shell |
No cargo | 5–12 MHz | Her-2-positive Breast Cancers | (Jiang et al., 2016) |
| CF4 | PLGA | Doxorubicin | 1 MHz | VX2 Liver Tumor | (Meng et al., 2016) |
| C3F8 | Herceptin-PEG-PLGA | Paclitaxel | 1 MHz and 40 MHz |
Breast Cancer | (Song et al., 2017) |
| C5F12 | Glycine/PEG/RGD- modified poly(methacrylic acid) |
Doxorubicin | Not Provided | Liver Tumor | (Li et al., 2017) |
| Oxygen | Sodium carboxymethylcellulose | Mitomycin-C | 40 MHz | Bladder Cancer | (Bhandari et al., 2018) |
| C3F8
+ UCNP–CN |
DPPC, DSPE-PEG2k and DPPA | Doxorubicin | 7 MHz | Tongue Squamous Carcinoma | (Chan et al., 2018) |
| C3F8 | Mix of DPPC and DPPA | pc DNA3.1(+)/PNP plasmid | 1.3 MHz | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | (Zhang et al., 2018a) |
| C3F8 | Folate-conjugated N-palmitoyl chitosan | No cargo | 7 MHz | Oral Epidermoid Cancer Cells, Cervical Cancer, Lung Cancer | (Shen et al., 2018b) |
| C3F8 | Mix DSPC, DSPE-PEG2000 and DSPE-PEG2000-biotin | Apatinib | 1 MHz | Liver Tumor | (Tian et al., 2018) |
| C5H2F10 | Polymer shell composing of chitosan and lecithin | Paclitaxel and survivin inhibitor sepantronium bromide | 3 MHz | Lung Cancer | (Baspinar et al., 2019) |
| C3F8 | PLA-PEG-NH2 | No cargo | 9.0 MHz | Breast Cancer | (Shang et al., 2019) |
| 1% CO2 | Protein | The pEGFP and pCMV-Luc reporter plasmids | 18 MHz | Breast Cancer | (Tayier et al., 2019) |