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. 2020 Feb 7;10:2115. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58909-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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cASC-derived EVs ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice. Naïve or primed EVs (100 μg in 100 μl PBS) or vehicle control (100 μl PBS) were intraperitoneally (IP) injected into intraperitoneally on days 1, 3 and 5 after mice fed with 3% DSS. (A) Experimental scheme of DSS administration. (B) Mice were monitored for body weight. Value are calculated as percent of body weight from day 0. (C) The disease activity index (DAI) were monitored described for 10 days. (D) Colon length were assessed at day 10. (E) H&E staining of the colon section and histological score are shown. The primed EVs effectively inhibits inflammatory response in the inflamed colon. (F) Canine EVs levels in colon were detected by using western blot analysis. canine EVse was not found in naive group and PBS group, while EVs was confirmed in group injected with EVs. Immunofluorescent staining showed that a number of cells with EVs in the cytoplasm were identified in the mucosa and submucosa of colon. Black Bars = 100 μm. White Bars = 200 μm. Results were shown as mean ± standard deviation (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 by one-way ANOVA analysis).