Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory variables in TBM patients with cerebral infarcts (n = 52); and with and without cerebral infarcts (n = 90).
| Variable | TBM patients with cerebral infarcts (n = 52) | TBM patients with and without cerebral infarcts (n = 90) |
|---|---|---|
| Age range; mean, y | 10–82; 32.3 | 10–82; 32 |
| <40 years | 39 (75%) | 66 (73.3%) |
| ≥40 years | 13 (25%) | 24 (27.7%) |
| Sex, Male:Female | 26:26 | 42:48 |
| Duration of symptoms mean (range), d | 66 (3–240) | 63.7 (2–240) |
| Clinical symptoms, n (%) | ||
| Fever | 52 (100%) | 90 (100%) |
| Headache | 46 (88.4%) | 76 (84.4%) |
| Vomiting | 33 (63.4%) | 46 (51.1%) |
| Seizures | 10 (19.2%) | 15 (16.6%) |
| Altered sensorium | 33 (63.4%) | 48 (53.3%) |
| Hemi/paraparesis/focal weakness | 12 (23%) | 20 (22.2%) |
| CSF parameters | (n = 48) | (n = 75) |
| Cell count mm3, mean (range) | 120 (20–635) | 138 (6–733) |
| Protein mg/dl | 133 (44–495) | 133 (44–495) |
| Glucose mmol/l | 1.54 (0.1–7.0) | 1.54 (0.1–7.0) |
| Mycobacterial culture positive, n (%), | 14/41 (34%) | 18/62 (29%) |
| Tuberculous polymerase chain reaction, n (%) | 5/41 (12%) | 9/62 (14.5%) |
| Other tests for fungal and cryptococcal antigen | 0/28 | 0/40 |
| Diagnostic category | ||
| Definite | 12 (23%) | 21 (23.3%) |
| Probable | 17 (32.7%) | 33 (36.7%) |
| Possible | 23 (44.2%) | 36 (40%) |
| TBM grade | ||
| I | 12 (23%) | 26 (28.8%) |
| II | 27 (52%) | 48 (53.3%) |
| III | 13 (25%) | 16 (17.7%) |
| Comorbidities DM and HT/ALD/SLE/HIV | 4/1/1/0 | 6/1/1/1 |
| Extraneural involvement tuberculosis | 12 (23%) (lung = 4, abdomen = 2, disseminated TB = 5, spine = 2) | 19 (21%) (lung = 9, abdomen = 2, disseminated TB = 5, spine = 3) |
| Outcome Good outcome (mRS 0–2) | 41/52 (78.8%) | 73/90 (81.1%) |
| Poor outcome (mRS 3–6) | 11/52 (21.1%) 4 died | 17/90 (18.8%) 4 died |
| Neural biopsy | 1 | 1 |
ALD: alcoholic liver disease; DM: diabetes mellitus; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HT: hypertension; mRS: modified Rankin scale; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; TBM: tuberculous meningitis; MRV-N: Magnetic Resonance Venography-Normal; MB= Midbrain.