Table 1.
Summary statistics overall and by rurality of residence location at diagnosis
| Metro | Rural RUCC 4–6 | P value (comparison to metro) | Rural RUCC 7–9 | P value (comparison to metro) | P value (compare rural RUCC 4-6to rural RUCC 7–9) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 175,184 | N = 19,346 | N = 2968 | ||||
| Mean age (years) | 66.0 | 66.5 | < 0.001 | 67.0 | < 0.001 | 0.05 |
| Female | 51.2% | 48.2% | < 0.001 | 47.4% | 51.2% | 0.43 |
| White | 86.7% | 98.3% | < 0.001 | 98.0% | 86.7% | 0.24 |
| Non-white | 12.4% | 1.4% | < 0.001 | 1.3% | 12.4% | 0.74 |
| Hispanic | 1.72% | 0.35% | < 0.001 | 0.40% | < 0.001 | 0.62 |
| Uninsured | 1.0% | 1.1% | 0.40 | 1.0% | 0.96 | 0.71 |
| Private insurance | 36.8% | 32.0% | < 0.001 | 29.3% | < 0.001 | 0.00 |
| Medicaid | 5.7% | 5.6% | 0.43 | 5.2% | 0.21 | 0.37 |
| Medicare | 44.7% | 49.5% | < 0.001 | 54.4% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Dual-eligible | 2.9% | 4.2% | < 0.001 | 5.6% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Other insurance | 8.9% | 7.6% | < 0.001 | 4.5% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Travel time to nearest facility (minutes) | 19.3 | 31.8 | < 0.001 | 42.7 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Mean number of facilities visited | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 0.02 | 0.11 |
| US News hospital score | 26.9 | 17.3 | < 0.001 | 15.3 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| US News hospital score missing | 26.9% | 45.5% | < 0.001 | 56.6% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Volume of cases 2010–2014 at facility attended (in 100’s) | 49.5 | 44.6 | < 0.001 | 43.3 | < 0.001 | 0.20 |
| Lung/bronchus | 17.9% | 17.6% | 0.47 | 16.5% | 0.06 | 0.14 |
| Colorectal | 12.5% | 13.8% | < 0.001 | 14.1% | 0.01 | 0.67 |
| Prostate | 13.8% | 13.8% | 0.96 | 16.9% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Female breast | 17.8% | 15.8% | < 0.001 | 16.6% | 0.08 | 0.25 |
| Cervical/uterine | 0.9% | 0.8% | 0.56 | 0.5% | 0.02 | 0.04 |
| Oral/pharyngeal | 3.0% | 3.2% | 0.13 | 2.8% | 0.68 | 0.34 |
| Ovarian | 1.9% | 1.8% | 0.59 | 1.7% | 0.56 | 0.73 |
| Thyroid | 5.5% | 5.3% | 0.31 | 5.5% | 0.98 | 0.68 |
| Melanoma | 5.7% | 6.0% | 0.07 | 7.0% | 0.00 | 0.03 |
| Other urological | 9.5% | 10.5% | < 0.001 | 9.5% | 0.93 | 0.08 |
| Other digestive | 11.6% | 11.3% | 0.28 | 8.8% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Local | 52.1% | 52.1% | 0.90 | 55.1% | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Regional | 24.1% | 23.9% | 0.66 | 21.2% | < 0.001 | 0.00 |
| Distant | 21.5% | 21.5% | 0.96 | 20.2% | 0.09 | 0.11 |
| Unknown stage | 2.2% | 2.5% | 0.06 | 3.5% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Chemotherapy | 26.0% | 24.8% | < 0.001 | 21.0% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Radiation therapy | 25.4% | 23.5% | < 0.001 | 23.9% | 0.06 | 0.64 |
| Surgery | 66.5% | 67.7% | < 0.001 | 69.6% | < 0.001 | 0.04 |
| Immunotherapy | 0.9% | 0.7% | < 0.001 | 1.0% | 0.69 | 0.03 |
| Hormone therapy | 15.7% | 14.5% | < 0.001 | 16.8% | 0.10 | < 0.001 |
aFor test of differences between rural-urban category of residence, P value is for t-test for continuous variables and Chi-squared test for categorical variables