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. 2020 Feb 4;8:e8397. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8397

Figure 3. Anatomical landmarks used for sparse reconstructions.

Figure 3

(A) First metatarsal; (B) midfoot; and (C) calcaneus. TL = most lateral projection of the head of the first metatarsal; TM = most medial projection of the head of the first metatarsal; TB = most medial projection of the base of the first metatarsal; VMH = head of the fifth metatarsal; SMH = head of the second metatarsal; VMB = base of the fifth metatarsal; SMB = base of the second metatarsal; ID = mid-point between the apex of the tuberosity of the navicular and the base of the fifth metatarsal; TN = most medial apex of the tuberosity of the navicular; PT = lateral apex of the peroneal tubercle of the calcaneus; ST = most medial apex of the sustenaculum tali; and CA = upper central ridge of the posterior surface of the calcaneus. The midfoot segment includes the second-to-fifth metatarsal, cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, and lateral), cuboid, and navicular. Note: (A) based on Leardini et al. (1999), (B) and (C) based on Leardini et al. (2007).