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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Best Pract Health Prof Divers. 2018 Spring;11(1):13–30.

Table 2.

Perceived Stress Scale, n = 20

Never Almost
Never
Sometimes Fairly
Often
Very
Often
Questions n % n % n % n % n % Mean SD
In the last month, how often have you been upset because of something that happened unexpectedly? 1 5 2 10 7 35 6 30 4 20 2.50 1.1
In the last month, how often have you felt that you were unable to control the important things in your life? 2 10 4 20 6 30 3 15 5 25 2.25 1.33
In the last month, how often have you felt nervous and “stressed”? 1 5 2 10 3 15 6 30 8 40 2.90 1.21
In the last month, how often have you felt confident about your ability to handle your personal problems? 3 15 9 45 7 35 0 0 1 5 1.35 0.93
In the last month, how often have you felt that things were going your way? 0 0 3 15 13 65 3 15 1 5 2.10 0.72
In the last month, how often have you found that you could not cope with all the things that you had to do? 2 10 2 10 11 55 3 15 2 10 2.05 1.05
In the last month, how often have you been able to control irritations in your life? 3 15 6 30 8 40 1 5 2 10 1.65 1.14
In the last month, how often have you felt that you were on top of things 3 15 4 20 11 55 1 5 1 5 1.65 1
In the last month, how often have you been angered because of things that were outside of your control? 1 5 5 25 5 25 5 25 4 20 2.30 1.22
In the last month, how often have you felt difficulties were piling up so high that you could not overcome them? 3 15 3 15 8 40 2 10 4 20 2.05 1.32
Overall Perceived Stress 2.03 1.1