Table 1.
Sample characteristics
| Grade 10 | Grade 12 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samples in 2014 (N=10,784) | Samples in 2012 (N=10,576) | Overall (N=21,360) | Samples in 2014 (N=10,119) | Samples in 2012 (N=10,211) | Overall (N=20,330) | |
| Age, Mean (SD) | 15.3 (0.5) | 15.2 (0.5) | 15.2 (0.5) | 17.2 (0.5) | 17.2 (0.5) | 17.2 (0.5) |
| Sex, N(%) | ||||||
| Male | 5,289 (49.3%) | 5,139 (48.8%) | 10,428 (49.1%) | 5,000 (49.7%) | 4,990 (49.1%) | 9,990 (49.4%) |
| Female | 5,437 (50.7%) | 5,389 (51.2%) | 10, 826 (50.9%) | 5,062 (50.3%) | 5,170 (50.9%) | 10,232 (50.6%) |
| Race, N(%) | ||||||
| White Race | 4,589 (43.0%) | 4,591 (43.8%) | 9,180 (43.4%) | 4,480 (44.6%) | 4,646 (45.9%) | 9,126 (45.2%) |
| Non-White Race | 6,077 (57.0%) | 5,884 (56.2%) | 11,961 (56.6%) | 5,564 (55.4%) | 5,487 (54.1%) | 11,051 (54.85) |
| Protective factors, Mean (SD) | 6.08 (2.62) | 5.92 (2.65) | 6.00 (2.63) | 5.90 (2.61) | 5.86 (2.58) | 5.88 (2.60) |
| Community opportunities prosocial involvement | 5072 (49.02%) | 4838 47.64% | 9910 (48.34%) | 4318 (44.79%) | 4221 (43.59%) | 8539 (44.19%) |
| Community rewards for prosocial involvement | 5731 (54.86%) | 5625 (54.87%) | 11356 (54.87%) | 5158 (53.08%) | 5248 (53.54%) | 10406 (53.31%) |
| Family attachment | 5422 (53.19%) | 4801 (47.94%) | 10223 (50.58%) | 5429 (57.20%) | 5394 (56.37%) | 10823 (56.78%) |
| Family opportunities for prosocial involvement | 6138 (59.05%) | 5584 (54.98%) | 11723 (57.04%) | 5372 (55.81%) | 5229 (53.67%) | 10601 (54.73%) |
| Family rewards for prosocial involvement | 6073 (58.58%) | 5688 (56.14%) | 11762 (57.38%) | 5249 (54.59%) | 5123 (52.79%) | 10372 (53.69%) |
| School opportunities for prosocial involvement | 7376 (69.10%) | 7315 (69.69%) | 14692 (69.40%) | 7252 (72.25%) | 7153 (70.58%) | 14405 (71.41%) |
| School rewards for prosocial involvement | 6922 (64.58%) | 6919 (65.81) | 13842 (65.19%) | 5185 (51.66%) | 5315 (52.37%) | 10500 (52.02%) |
| Religiosity | 4755 (45.56%) | 4872 (47.69%) | 9628 (46.62%) | 6678 (69.02%) | 7078 (72.48%) | 13756 (70.76%) |
| Belief in moral order | 8291 (77.41%) | 7751 (73.71%) | 16043 (75.57%) | 5275 (52.63%) | 5366 (52.99%) | 10641 (52.81%) |
| Social skills | 7752 (73.19%) | 7279 (69.89%) | 15032 (71.55%) | 7473 (75.59%) | 7376 (74.08%) | 14849 (74.83%) |
| Sleep duration, N(%)1 | ||||||
| Short sleep (≤7 hours) | 8,152 (77.6%) | 7,727 (75.0%) | 15,879 (76.3%) | 8,376 (85.6%) | 8,343 (84.5%) | 16,719 (85.0%) |
| Recommended Sleep (8–9 hours) | 2,249 (21.4%) | 2,241 (23.7%) | 4,690 (22.5%) | 1,329 (13.6%) | 1,425 (14.4%) | 2,754 (14.0%) |
| Health risk behaviors, N(%) | ||||||
| Alcohol Use | 1,827 (17.4%) | 1,979 (19.0%) | 3,806 (18.2%) | 3,487 (35.6%) | 3,480 (34.9%) | 6,967 (35.3%) |
| Cigarette Use | 1,333 (12.5%) | 1,570 (15.0%) | 2,903 (13.8%) | 2,364 (23.8%) | 2,734 (27.3%) | 5,098 (25.6%) |
| Use of illicit drugs | 183 (1.7%) | 252 (2.4%) | 435 (2.1%) | 264 (2.7%) | 322 (3.3%) | 586 (3.0%) |
| Inappropriate Use of Rx/OTC | 774 (7.3%) | 848 (8.2%) | 1,622 (7.8%) | 1,133 (11.5%) | 991 (10.0%) | 2,124 (10.8%) |
| Weapon carrying | 1,183 (11.1%) | 1,294 (12.4%) | 2,477 (11.7%) | 1,119 (11.3%) | 1,197 (11.9%) | 2,316 (11.6%) |
| Risky Sexual Activity | 2,349 (22.6%) | 2,709 (26.5%) | 5,058 (24.5%) | 4,378 (45.2%) | 4,596 (47.2%) | 8,974 (46.2%) |
| Academic Failure | 2,544 (24.2%) | 2,547 (24.6%) | 5,091 (24.4%) | 4,061 (41.2%) | 3,816 (38.4%) | 7,877 (39.8%) |
1
Only a very small percentage of 10th and 12th graders reported sleeping 10 or more hours (1.1% and 0.9%, respectively).