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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2020 Feb-Mar;41(2):117–127. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000721

Table 3.

Odds Ratio of class-memberships with high risky behaviors (Class II, III, IV) compared to low risky behaviors (Class I) for total sleep time, protective factor, age, gender, race, and survey year at 10th and 12th grades

Odds Ratio (OR) of high risky behaviors at 10th grade
Class II
OR (95% CI)
Class III
OR (95% CI)
Class IV
OR (95% CI)
p-value
Total Sleep Time
 Short (<8h) vs. Recommended (8–9h) 1.38 (1.06, 1.80)* 1.16 (1.05, 1.27) * 1.26 (0.99, 1.61) .0001
 Long (≥10h) vs. Recommended (8–9h) 1.02 (0.32, 3.29) 1.83 (1.31, 2.57) * 2.65 (1.33, 5.28) *
Protective Factor 0.75 (0.72, 0.78) * 0.74 (0.73, 0.75) * 0.57 (0.54, 0.59) * <.0001
Age 1.28 (1.06, 1.55) * 1.56 (1.45, 1.68) * 2.09 (1.80, 2.42) * <.0001
Sex (Male vs. Female) 1.59 (1.30, 1.94)* 1.34 (1.24, 1.44) * 1.36 (1.14, 1.62) * <.0001
Race (White vs. Non-white) 1.19 (0.97, 1.45) 1.19 (1.10, 1.28) * 1.33 (1.11, 1.59) * <.0001
Survey year (2014 vs. 2012) 0.98 (0.80, 1.19) 0.89 (0.82, 0.95) * 0.74 (0.62, 0.88) * .0003
Odds Ratio (OR) of high risky behaviors at 12th grade
Class II
OR (95% CI)
Class III
OR (95% CI)
Class IV
OR (95% CI)
p-value
Total Sleep Time
 Short (<8h) vs. Recommended (8–9h) 0.89 (0.77, 1.04) 1.04 (0.94, 1.15) 0.90 (0.74, 1.08) .2212
 Long (≥10h) vs. Recommended (8–9h) 0.59 (0.28, 1.24) 1.05 (0.72, 1.53) 1.28 (0.72, 2.27)
Protective Factor 0.89 (0.87, 0.91) * 0.78 (0.77, 0.80) * 0.64 (0.62, 0.66) * <.0001
Age 1.13 (0.99, 1.28) 1.34 (1.24, 1.44) * 1.22 (1.06, 1.40) * <.0001
Sex (Male vs. Female) 0.80 (0.72, 0.89) 1.12 (1.04, 1.20) * 1.32 (1.16, 1.51) * <.0001
Race (White vs. Non-white) 3.02 (2.69, 3.39) * 1.34 (1.25, 1.44) * 2.20 (1.93, 2.51) * <.0001
Survey year (2014 vs. 2012) 0.98 (0.88, 1.09) 0.99 (0.92, 1.06) 1.13 (0.99, 1.28) .2397

Note. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated from multinomial regression models. Class I=low risk; Class II=some risk; Class III=moderate risk; Class IV=high risk

*

indicates significant OR