Table 1.
The total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH scavenging activity, nitric oxide (NO) inhibition activity, and cell cytotoxicity (MTT) of the G. procumbens and G. gynandra extracts.
| Extracts % EtOH | G. procumbens | C. gynandra | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPC (mg GAE/100 mgde) | DPPH (IC50) μg/mL | NO inhibition (IC50) μg/mL | MTT (%) at 1000 μg/mL | TPC (mg GAE/100 mgde) | DPPH (IC50) μg/mL | NO inhibition (IC50) μg/mL | MTT (%) at 1000 μg/mL | |
| 0 | 1.44 ± 0.03a | 124.37 ± 6.28a | 117.19 ± 10.50a | 96.31 ± 3.06 | 3.38 ± 0.06a | 62.01 ± 5.84a | 210.06 ± 12.25a | ND |
| 20 | 1.58 ± 0.32a | 317.41 ± 8.32b | 96.77 ± 7.09b | 97.91 ± 3.84 | 3.46 ± 0.26a | 40.36 ± 5.09b | 94.83 ± 10.49b | ND |
| 50 | 3.81 ± 0.04b | 66.28 ± 3.95c | 82.03 ± 8.95c | 95.76 ± 8.01 | 1.51 ± 0.18b | 276.92 ± 6.42c | 97.11 ± 9.09b | ND |
| 70 | 3.15 ± 0.19b | 131.92 ± 8.99a | 22.91 ± 6.75d | 93.54 ± 8.73 | 2.74 ± 0.28c | 304.64 ± 9.02d | 66.01 ± 7.75c | 91.53 ± 3.25 |
| 100 | 5.91 ± 0.62c | 63.73 ± 2.90c | 25.20 ± 6.19d | 91.71 ± 7.72 | 3.71 ± 0.26a | 236.95 ± 7.96c | 60.75 ± 6.32c | 89.11 ± 4.77 |
| Quercetin | — | 1.73 ± 0.12 | — | — | — | 1.73 ± 0.12 | — | — |
| Curcumin | — | — | 3.59 ± 0.28 | — | — | — | 3.59 ± 0.28 | — |
Values are the mean ± standard deviation of six biological replicates. Bold numbers to show extracts with the best activity for related assays. GAE: gallic acid equivalent; de: dried extract; EtOH: ethanol; ND: not detected. Each different superscript letter within the same assay indicates a statistically significant different (P < 0.05).