Table 4.
Multivariable Association of Biomarker Change with Functional Capacity Change by HF Type
| Adjusted[1] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | Biomarker | Mean Difference (95% CI)[2] |
P-value |
| HFrEF (IRONOUT Trial), Change from Baseline to 16 Weeks Post-Baseline | |||
| Peak VO2, mL/kg/min | Log2(Galectin-3), per doubling | 0.501 (−0.572, 1.575) | 0.360 |
| Log2(GDF15), per doubling | −0.195 (−1.176, 0.785) | 0.696 | |
| Log2(NT-proBNP), per doubling | −0.206 (−0.573, 0.161) | 0.271 | |
| Log2(ST2), per doubling | −0.954 (−1.938, 0.030) | 0.057 | |
| VE/VCO2 slope, % relative difference | Log2(Galectin-3), per doubling | 6.461 (−2.257, 15.956) | 0.151 |
| Log2(GDF15), per doubling | 0.175 (−7.119, 8.041) | 0.964 | |
| Log2(NT-proBNP), per doubling | 3.596 (0.779, 6.492) | 0.012 | |
| Log2(ST2), per doubling | 4.578 (−2.929, 12.667) | 0.239 | |
| Six-minute walk distance, m | Log2(Galectin-3), per doubling | −8.112 (−43.901, 27.676) | 0.657 |
| Log2(GDF15), per doubling | −27.096 (−58.850, 4.658) | 0.094 | |
| Log2(NT-proBNP), per doubling | −2.187 (−14.490, 10.117) | 0.728 | |
| Log2(ST2), per doubling | −3.443 (−36.437, 29.552) | 0.838 | |
| HFpEF (RELAX Trial), Change from Baseline to 24 Weeks Post-Baseline | |||
| Peak VO2, mL/kg/min | Log2(Galectin-3), per doubling | 0.193 (−0.516, 0.903) | 0.593 |
| Log2(GDF15), per doubling | −0.599 (−1.369, 0.171) | 0.127 | |
| Log2(NT-proBNP), per doubling | −0.726 (−1.100, −0.353) | < .001 | |
| Log2(ST2), per doubling | −0.123 (−1.100, 0.854) | 0.805 | |
| VE/VCO2 slope, % relative difference | Log2(Galectin-3), per doubling | −3.942 (−9.097, 1.505) | 0.153 |
| Log2(GDF15), per doubling | 2.756 (−2.991, 8.843) | 0.355 | |
| Log2(NT-proBNP), per doubling | 2.922 (−0.048, 5.980) | 0.054 | |
| Log2(ST2), per doubling | −0.294 (−7.394, 7.351) | 0.938 | |
| Six-minute walk distance, m | Log2(Galectin-3), per doubling | −17.050 (−45.540, 11.440) | 0.241 |
| Log2(GDF15), per doubling | −31.606 (−61.404, −1.809) | 0.038 | |
| Log2(NT-proBNP), per doubling | −10.783 (−25.518, 3.953) | 0.152 | |
| Log2(ST2), per doubling | 1.492 (−34.373, 37.357) | 0.935 | |
[1]
Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, prior HF hospitalization in past year, systolic blood pressure, blood urea nitrogen, site, baseline biomarker levels, baseline outcome, and all other biomarkers.
[2]
Estimated change in given units of outcome from baseline to 16 (24) weeks per given unit change in biomarker from baseline to 16 (24) weeks.