Table 3.
Data extraction sheet
| Name | Study design | Total number of patients | Loading | Bone quality | Imaging modality | Implant dimensions | Safety margin | Method of evaluation | Patients with altered sensations | Nature of sensory alteration | Region placement of the implants with disturbance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wismeijer (1997) | Prospective; RCT | 102 | Delayed loading | Symphyseal height of 16.06 (average) | NA | NA | 3 mm | Hopkins Symptoms Checklist | 11 | Numbness (4); prickly (2); hypersensitive (5) | Anterior (9) Posterior (2) |
| Walton (2000) | Prospective; RCT | 70 | Delayed loading | Normal-severe resorption | OPG | NA | NA | Von Frey Hairs/touch sensation | 17 | Numbness and tingling of the lower lip | Anterior |
| Vazquez (2007) | Prospective; RCT | 1527 | NR | NR | OPG | ≥12 mm | 2 mm | Two-point discrimination, Weinstein and pinprick test | 2 | Paresthesia of the lower lip (1), altered sensation of the lip and chin | Posterior |
| Steenberg (1990) | Prospective | 91 | Delayed loading | Enough bone to accommodate 7 mm and 3.75 mm; Zarb and Bolender Grade 3 and 4 | Long cone radiograph | 7 mm × 3.5 mm | NR | NR | 16 | Paresthesia of the lower lip | NR |
| Higuchi (1995) | Prospective | 117 | NR | Enough bone to accommodate 7 mm implant; Grade 3 and 4 | Long cone radiograph | Minimum of 7 mm | Pin prick detection, two point discrimination, directional brush stroke response and thermal testing | 16 | Paresthesia of the lower lip | NR | |
| Bartling (1999) | Prospective | 94 | NR | NR | CT and OPG | NR | 2 mm above (OPG) and 1 mm (CT) | Two-point discrimination | 8 | Midline of the lip and chin (3), complete anesthesia (1) | Anterior (1) posterior (3) both (4) |
| Abarca (2005) | Prospective | 58 | Immediate loading | NR | NR | NR | NR | Hopkins Symptoms Checklist; two-point perception | 19 | Numbness (9), cutting, beating itching (2), gingiva (6), inferior lip (4), chin (4) | Anterior |
| Boven (2014) | Prospective | 40 | Delayed loading | Extremely atrophic mandible. Illiac crest graft (12 mm at the infraforaminal region) | OPG | 4.1 mm × 10 mm | NR | NR | 11 | Sensory disturbance | Anterior |
| Bormann (2010) | Prospective | 13 | Delayed loading | Atrophied posterior mandible (underwent segmental mandibular osteotomy) | OPG and DVT | NR | NR | NR | 5 | Hypoesthesia | Posterior |
RCT: Randomized controlled trial, NA: Not available, CT: Computed tomography, NR: Not relevant, OPG: Orthopantomograph, DVT: Deep-vein thrombosis