Table 1.
Important cyanogenic glycosides (CNGs) in food plants, arranged according to maximum release of CN (calculated as HCN equivalents)
| Chemical structure | CAS number | Element formula | Molecular mass | CN (mg/g CNG) | Examples for occurrencea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
554‐35‐8 | C10H17NO6 | 247.3 | 109.2 |
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) |
|
534‐67‐8 | C11H19NO6 | 261.3 | 103.3 |
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) |
|
99‐18‐3 | C14H17NO6 | 295.3 | 91.4 | Bitter almonds (Prunus amygdalus var. amara Stokes) |
|
499‐20‐7 | C14H17NO7 | 311.3 | 86.7 | Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) |
|
21401‐21‐8 | C14H17NO7 | 311.3 | 86.7 | Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. and Bambusa edulis Carriere) |
|
72229‐40‐4 | C16H27NO11 | 409.4 | 66.0 | Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) |
|
72229‐42‐6 | C17H29NO11 | 423.4 | 63.8 | Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) |
|
29883‐15‐6 | C20H27NO11 | 457.4 | 59.0 |
Apricot kernels (Prunus armeniaca L.) Almond kernels (Prunus amygdalus var. dulcis Stokes) |
a
Latin names and names on authors according to ‘The PlantList – a working list of all plant species’ (http://www.theplantlist.org). All relevant synonyms may also be found at this list. Chiral Catoms in the aglycones (i.e. C‐atoms carrying four different substituents) are labelled with the stereochemical descriptors R or S according to the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog system.