Table C.1.
Summary of supporting substances for FGE.05Rev3
| FL‐no | EU Union List chemical name | Structural formula | FEMA no CoE no CAS no | JECFA no Specification available | MSDI (EU)a (μg/capita per day) | SCF statusb JECFA status CoE statusc | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 02.020 | Hex‐2‐en‐1‐ol |
|
2562 69 2305‐21‐7 |
1354 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
650 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 02.049 | Nona‐2,6‐dien‐1‐ol |
|
2780 589 7786‐44‐9 |
1184 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
9.1 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2004b) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2,6‐Nonadien‐1‐ol (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CAS rn in Union List |
| 02.056 | Hex‐3(cis)‐en‐1‐ol |
|
2563 750c 928‐96‐1 |
315 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
3,700 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 02.074 | Hex‐4‐en‐1‐ol |
|
3430 2295 6126‐50‐7 |
318 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
2.4 |
Category 2 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 4‐hexen‐1‐ol (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 02.090 | Non‐2(trans)‐en‐1‐ol |
|
3379 10292 31502‐14‐4 |
1365 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
0.016 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) | |
| 02.093 | (Z)‐Non‐6‐en‐1‐ol |
|
3465 10294 35854‐86‐5 |
324 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
2.2 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated cis‐6‐nonen‐1‐ol (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to (Z)‐isomer |
| 02.094 | Oct‐3‐en‐1‐ol |
|
3467 10296 20125‐84‐2 |
321 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
4.7 |
Category 2 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) |
JECFA evaluated cis‐3‐octen‐1‐ol (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to the (Z)‐isomer. Union List name to be changed to Oct‐3Z‐en‐1‐ol |
| 02.110 | 2,6‐Dimethylhept‐6‐en‐1‐ol |
|
3663 36806‐46‐9 |
348 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
ND |
Category 3 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) |
JECFA evaluated 2,6‐dimethyl‐6‐hepten‐1‐ol (CASrn as in Union List). (R)‐ or (S)‐enantiomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 02.113 | Oct‐5(cis)‐en‐1‐ol |
|
3722 64275‐73‐6 |
322 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
0.4 |
Category 2 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) |
|
| 05.035 | Undec‐10‐enal |
|
3095 122 112‐45‐8 |
330 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
0.32 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 05.036 | Undec‐9‐enal |
|
3094 123 143‐14‐6 |
329 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
0.97 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 9‐undecenal (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.037 | 2‐Dodecenal |
|
2402 124 4826‐62‐4 |
1350 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
1.2 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐Dodecenal (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.040 | alpha‐Pentylcinnamaldehyde |
|
2061 128 122‐40‐7 |
685 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
22 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2001a) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated alpha‐Amylcinnamaldehyde (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.059 | Non‐6(cis)‐enal |
|
3580 661 2277‐19‐2 |
325 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
1.7 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 05.060 | Oct‐2‐enal |
|
3215 663 2363‐89‐5 |
1363 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
0.84 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐Octenal (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.071 | Nona‐2,4‐dienal |
|
3212 732 6750‐03‐4 |
1185 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b); JECFA 1185 evaluated (2E,4E)‐Nona‐2.4‐dienal with CASrn 1771‐49‐0 |
0.94 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2004b) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA 1185 evaluated (2E,4E)‐Nona‐2.4‐dienal with CASrn 1771‐49‐0 which is not a valid no. CASrn 5910‐87‐2 refers to (2E,4E)‐2,4‐Nonadienal |
| 05.073 | Hex‐2(trans)‐enal |
|
2560 748 6728‐26‐3 |
1353 | 2,800 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐Hexenal but with CASrn for the trans‐isomer (as in Union List) |
| 05.074 | 2,6‐Dimethylhept‐5‐enal |
|
2389 2006 106‐72‐9 |
349 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
27 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2,6‐dimethyl‐5‐heptenal (CASrn as in Union List). (R)‐ or (S)‐enantiomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.075 | Hex‐3(cis)‐enal |
|
2561 2008 6789‐80‐6 |
316 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
4.1 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 05.076 | Dec‐2‐enal |
|
2366 2009 3913‐71‐1 |
1349 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
13 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐Decenal (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.078 | Tridec‐2‐enal |
|
3082 2011 7774‐82‐5 |
1359 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
0.97 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐Tridecenal (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.085 | (Z)‐Hept‐4‐enal |
|
3289 2124 6728‐31‐0 |
320 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
1.6 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 4‐heptenal (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to the (Z)‐isomer |
| 05.096 | 4‐Decenal |
|
3264 2297 30390‐50‐2 |
326 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
0.97 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 4‐decenal (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 05.108 | Undeca‐2,4‐dienal |
|
3422 10385 13162‐46‐4 |
1195 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
2.8 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2004b) | JECFA evaluated 2,4‐Undecadienal (CAS rn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CAS rn in Union List |
| 05.109 | 2‐Undecenal |
|
3423 11827 2463‐77‐6 |
1366 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
0.65 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) | JECFA evaluated 2‐Undecenal (CAS rn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CAS rn in Union List |
| 05.113 | Hex‐4‐enal |
|
3496 10337 4634‐89‐3 |
319 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
0.024 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated cis‐4‐hexenal (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to the (Z)‐isomer. Union List name to be changed to Hex‐4Z‐enal |
| 05.128 | Oct‐5(cis)‐enal |
|
3749 41547‐22‐2 |
323 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b). |
0.0012 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | |
| 05.140 | Deca‐2(trans),4(trans)‐dienal |
|
3135 2120 25152‐84‐5 |
1190 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
62 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2004b) | |
| 05.171 | Non‐2‐enal |
|
3213 733 2463‐53‐8 |
1362 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2005a) |
9.9 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2005b) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐Nonenal (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 08.002 | Acetic acid |
|
2006 2 64‐19‐7 |
81 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
ND |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 1999) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 08.007 | Valeric acid |
|
3101 7 109‐52‐4 |
90 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1997) |
120 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 1999) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 08.013 | Oleic acid |
|
2815 13 112‐80‐1 |
333 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
830 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Deleted (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 08.038 | Phenylacetic acid |
|
2878 672 103‐82‐2 |
1007 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2002b) |
240 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2002a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 08.039 | Undec‐10‐enoic acid |
|
3247 689 112‐38‐9 |
331 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
26 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 08.041 | Octadeca‐9,12‐dienoic acid |
|
3380 694 60‐33‐3 |
332 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
110 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Deleted (CoE, 1992) |
Union List name to be changed to Linoleic acid |
| 08.048 | Pent‐4‐enoic acid |
|
2843 2004 591‐80‐0 |
314 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
3.9 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 08.050 | Hex‐3‐enoic acid |
|
3170 2256 4219‐24‐3 |
317 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
9.4 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated 3‐hexenoic acid (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 08.058 | 2‐Methylpent‐3‐enoic acid |
|
3464 10147 37674‐63‐8 |
347 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
1.2 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐methyl‐3‐pentenoic‐acid (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 08.059 | 2‐Methylpent‐4‐enoic acid |
|
3511 10148 1575‐74‐2 |
355 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
ND |
Category N (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) |
JECFA evaluated 2‐methyl‐4‐pentenoic‐acid (CASrn as in Union List). (R)‐ or (S)‐enantiomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 08.065 | Dec‐9‐enoic acid |
|
3660 10090 14436‐32‐9 |
328 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
0.097 |
Category 1 (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) |
|
| 08.068 | Dec‐(5‐ and 6)‐enoic acid |
|
3742 72881‐27‐7 |
327 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
3.4 |
Category N (SCF, 1995) No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) |
JECFA evaluated 5 & 6‐decenoic acid (mixture) (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to incompletely defined substance |
| 09.191 | Ethyl hex‐3‐enoate |
|
3342 2396‐83‐0 |
335 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
3.2 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated ethyl‐3‐hexenoate (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 09.192 | Ethyl oleate |
|
2450 633 111‐62‐6 |
345 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998). |
60 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 09.236 | Methyl undec‐9‐enoate |
|
2750 2101 5760‐50‐9 |
342 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
34 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Deleted (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated methyl 9‐undecanoate (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 09.237 | Ethyl undec‐10‐enoate |
|
2461 10634 692‐86‐4 |
343 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
1.5 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Deleted (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 09.238 | Butyl undec‐10‐enoate |
|
2216 2103 109‐42‐2 |
344 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
0.037 |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category B (CoE, 1992) |
|
| 09.265 | Ethyl oct‐4‐enoate |
|
3344 10619 34495‐71‐1 |
338 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
1.2 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated ethyl cis‐4‐octenoate (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to (Z)‐isomer. Union List name to be changed to Ethyl oct‐4Z‐enoate |
| 09.267 | Methyl hex‐3‐enoate |
|
3364 10801 2396‐78‐3 |
334 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
0.56 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | Z‐ or E‐isomer not specified by name and CASrn in Union List |
| 09.268 | Methyl oct‐4(cis)‐enoate |
|
3367 10834 21063‐71‐8 |
337 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
0.37 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | |
| 09.284 | Ethyl dec‐4‐enoate |
|
3642 10578 76649‐16‐6 |
341 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
1.8 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated ethyl trans‐4‐decenoate (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn refers to (E)‐isomer. Union List name to be changed to E‐Ethyl dec‐4‐enoate |
| 09.290 | Ethyl octa‐4,7‐dienoate |
|
3682 69925‐33‐3 |
339 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
1.8 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated ethyl cis‐4,7‐octadienoate (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to the (Z)‐isomer. Union List name to be changed to Ethyl octa‐4Z,7‐dienoate |
| 09.291 | Hex‐3‐enyl hex‐3‐enoate |
|
3689 61444‐38‐0 |
336 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
3.2 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated cis‐3‐hexenyl cis‐3‐hexenoate (CASrn as in Union List). CASrn in Union List refers to the (Z)/(Z)‐isomer. Union List name to be changed to Hex‐3Z‐enyl hex‐3Z‐enoate |
| 09.298 | Methyl non‐3‐enoate |
|
3710 13481‐87‐3 |
340 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
1.6 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated methyl 3‐nonenoate (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer not specified by CASrn in Union List |
| 09.524 | Ethyl 2‐methylpent‐3‐enoate |
|
3456 10612 1617‐23‐8 |
350 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
4.9 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated ethyl 2‐methyl‐3‐pentenoate (CASrn as in Union List). (Z)‐ or (E)‐isomer nor (R) or (S) enantiomer not specified by Union List CASrn |
| 09.527 | Ethyl 2‐methylpent‐4‐enoate |
|
3489 10613 53399‐81‐8 |
351 JECFA specification (JECFA, 1998) |
0.024 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | (R) or (S) enantiomer not specified by Union List CASrn |
| 09.540 | Ethyl 2‐methylpenta‐3,4‐dienoate |
|
3678 60523‐21‐9 |
353 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2000b) |
0.012 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2007) | (R) or (S) enantiomer not specified by Union List CASrn. |
| 09.546 | Hexyl‐2‐methylpent‐(3 and 4)‐enoate |
|
3693 58625‐95‐9 |
352 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2001b) |
0.024 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) | JECFA evaluated hexyl 2‐methyl‐3&4‐pentenoate (mixture) (CASrn as in Union List). Union List CASrn refers to the (E)‐isomer. (R) or (S) enantiomer not specified by Union List CASrn |
| 09.559 | Hex‐3(cis)‐enyl 2‐methylcrotonate |
|
3931 67883‐79‐8 |
1277 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
0.024 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2004b) | |
| 09.566 | (3Z)‐Hexenyl (E)‐but‐2‐enoate |
|
3982 65405‐80‐3 |
1276 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
0.24 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2004b) | |
| 09.568 | (3Z)‐Hexenyl (E)‐hexenoate |
|
3928 53398‐87‐1 |
1279 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
0.12 | No safety concern (JECFA, 2004b) | JECFA evaluated 3‐hexenyl 2‐hexenoate (CASrn as in Union List). Union List CASrn refers to the (3Z,2E)‐isomer. |
| 09.646 | Methyl linolenate |
|
3411 714 301‐00‐8 |
346 JECFA specification (JECFA, 2003b) |
ND |
No safety concern (JECFA, 2000a) Category A (CoE, 1992) |
JECFA evaluated a mixture of methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate (CASrn as in Union List). Union List CASrn refers to the (Z)/(Z)/(Z)‐isomer (i.e. methyl linolenate) |
FGE: Flavouring Group Evaluation; FL‐no: FLAVIS number; FEMA: Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association; CAS: Chemical Abstract Service; CoE: Council of Europe; JECFA: The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives; MSDI: maximised survey‐derived daily intake; ND: No intake data reported; SCF: Scientific Committee on Food.
EU MSDI: Amount added to food as flavouring substance in (kg/year) × 109/(0.1 × population in Europe (= 375 × 106) × 0.6 × 365) = μg/capita per day.
Category 1: Considered safe in use, Category 2: Temporarily considered safe in use, Category 3: Insufficient data to provide assurance of safety in use, Category 4: Not acceptable due to evidence of toxicity, Category N: Cannot be listed in cat. 1‐4 due to e.g. not used in the EU, not considered to be a flavour.
Category A: Flavouring substance, which may be used in foodstuffs, Category B: Flavouring substance which can be used provisionally in foodstuffs.