Table 4.

Summary of subcutaneous and intraperitoneal LD₅₀ values reported in scientific literature for the opium alkaloids addressed in this Scientific Opinion

Substance	Route of administration	Species	LD50 (mg/kg bw)a
Morphine	i.p.	Rat	100
	s.c.	Rat	109
	s.c.	Rat	630c
	i.p.	Mouse	140/500b
	s.c.	Mouse	220
	s.c.	Mouse	430c
Codeine	i.p.	Rat	100
	s.c.	Rat	229
	i.p.	Mouse	60
	s.c.	Mouse	84.1
Thebaine	i.p.	Mouse	20
	s.c.	Mouse	31
Oripavine	s.c.	Rat	13
	i.p.	Mouse	26.1
	s.c.	Mouse	11
Noscapine	i.p.	Mouse	960
	s.c.	Mouse	725
Papaverine	i.p.	Rat	59.6
	s.c.	Rat	151
	i.p.	Mouse	91
	s.c.	Mouse	170

bw: body weight; i.p.: intraperitoneal; LD₅₀: lethal dose for 50% of the subjects; s.c.: subcutaneous.

^as.c. and i.p. LD₅₀ values available from https://chem.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ unless specified differently.

^bGómez‐Serranillos et al. (1998).

^cYeh (1981).