Table B.1.
Overview of systematic reviews and meta‐analysis published since 2009 on the relationship between sugars and their sources and endpoints of interest
| Reference | Endpoint (population subgroup) | Exposure |
|---|---|---|
| Anderson et al. ( 2009 ) | Caries (adults and children) | Sucrose including sucrose‐based carbonated soft drinks, baked goods, sweets and table sugar, as added to other foods and drinks |
| Auerbach et al. ( 2017 ) | Obesity (children) | Fruit juice |
| Avery et al. ( 2015 ) | Obesity (children) | SSBs |
| Bucher Della Torre et al. ( 2016 ) | Obesity (children) | SSBs |
| Chiavaroli et al. ( 2015 ) | Blood lipids (adults and children) | Fructose |
| Chiu et al. ( 2014 ) | NAFLD (adults) | Fructose |
| Chung et al. ( 2014 ) | Liver health (adults) | Fructose |
| Crowe‐White et al. ( 2016 ) | Obesity (children) | Fruit juice |
| Fattore et al. ( 2017 ) | Blood lipids, blood pressure (adults) | Free sugars (fructose, sucrose and glucose) |
| Gibson ( 2008 ) | Obesity (adults and children) | Sugar‐sweetened soft drinks (SSD) |
| Gibson et al. ( 2013 ) | Blood lipids, blood pressure, glucose metabolism (adults) | Sucrose |
| Greenwood et al. ( 2014 ) | Risk of T2DM | SSD |
| Huang et al. ( 2014 ) | Risk of CVD | SSBs |
| Imamura et al. ( 2015 ) | Risk of T2DM | SSB, fruit juice |
| Jayalath et al. ( 2014 ) | Blood pressure | Fructose‐containing sugar (high‐fructose corn syrup, sucrose and fructose) |
| Jayalath et al. ( 2015 ) | Blood pressure | SSBs containing free or bound fructose |
| Kaiser et al. ( 2013 ) | Obesity (adults and children) | SSBs |
| Kelishadi et al. ( 2014 ) | Blood lipids, blood pressure, glucose metabolism | Fructose |
| Keller and Bucher Della Torre ( 2015 ) | Blood lipids, Blood pressure, glucose metabolism, risk of CVD | SSBs |
| Kim and Je ( 2016 ) | Blood pressure | SSBs and artificially sweetened beverages |
| Ma et al. ( 2016 ) | Obesity (adults and children) | Fructose, glucose, SSB, HFCS |
| Malik et al. ( 2010 ) | Risk of T2DM | SSBs |
| Malik et al. ( 2013 ) | Obesity (adults and children) | SSBs |
| Malik et al. ( 2014 ) | Blood pressure | SSBs |
| Mattes et al. ( 2011 ) | Obesity (adults and children) | SSBs |
| Moynihan and Kelly ( 2014 ) | Dental caries (adults and children) | Total sugars, free sugars, added sugars, sucrose, NME sugars |
| Perez‐Morales et al. ( 2013 ) | Obesity (children) | SSBs |
| SACN ( 2015 ) | Blood lipids, blood pressure, dental caries, glucose metabolism, obesity, risk of CVD, risk of T2DM | Total carbohydrate, sugars reported as a nutrient (fructose, sucrose, lactose, glucose), table sugar and other extrinsic sugars (syrups), food format (solid vs. liquid, which includes SSBs) |
| Singh et al. ( 2011 ) | Risk of gout (adults) | SSBs, fructose |
| Sonestedt et al. ( 2012 ) | Blood lipids, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, risk of CVD, risk of T2DM | SSBs, sugars, sucrose and fructose |
| Te Morenga et al. ( 2013 ) | Obesity (adults and children) | Free sugars |
| Te Morenga et al. ( 2014 ) | Blood lipids, blood pressure | Sugar (sucrose) or free sugars |
| David Wang et al. ( 2014 ) | Blood lipids | Fructose |
| Wang et al. ( 2014 ) | Glucose metabolism (adults) | Fruit juice |
| Xi et al. ( 2014 ) | Risk of T2DM | Fruit juice |
| Xi et al. ( 2015 ) | Blood pressure, risk of CVD | SSBs |
| Zheng et al. ( 2015 ) | Obesity (adults and children) | SSBs |
SSB: sugar‐sweetened beverage; NAFLD: non‐alcoholic fatty liver diseases; T2D: type 2 diabetes mellitus; CVD: cardiovascular disease; HFCS: high‐fructose corn syrup.