Table 9.
Source attribution approach | Comments |
---|---|
Epidemiological studies | Limited because of the long incubation period of the disease |
Subtyping | Several studies have genotyped E. granulosus s.l. in livestock and human hosts; source attribution to reservoirs for E. multilocularis is at present not possible to perform as the various known reservoirs are not characterised by different subtypes |
Comparative risk assessment | Limited by a lack of occurrence data, particularly on contamination of foodstuffs with Echinococcus eggs |
Expert knowledge elicitation | May appear to be the most feasible approach, but results indicate wide uncertainty |