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. 2018 Feb 27;16(2):e05182. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5182

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© European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2018.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Trends in ampicillin (AMP), cefotaxime (CTX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), nalidixic acid (NAL) and tetracycline (TET) resistance in tested Salmonella spp. from laying hens, EU MSs, 2008–2016

Statistical significance of trends over 4‐5 or more years was tested by a logistic regression model (p ≤ 0.05). Statistically significant increasing trends were observed for ampicillin in Romania, for ciprofloxacin in the United Kingdom, for ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid in Italy and Romania, as well as for tetracycline in Austria.

Statistically significant decreasing trends were observed for ampicillin in France, Greece, Italy, Poland and Spain, for ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid in France, Greece, Poland and Spain, for cefotaxime in Italy and Spain, for nalidixic acid in Portugal, as well as for tetracycline in France, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Romania.