Table 18.
Amphibians, terrestrial stages. Relevant life stages, exposure routes, effects (acute here in the table means short‐term exposure and immediate effects) (chronic here in the table means long‐term exposure and also includes sublethal and delayed effects from short–term exposure), possible coverage by endpoints available for other non‐target organisms and conclusions for the risk assessment. Please refer to Sections 8, 9 and 10 in this Opinion for further details
| Life stage | Exposure route | Effects | Covered by | Conclusion | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terrestrial stages | Juvenile, adult | Contact | Over‐spray | Acute | Not covered by dermal study with birds or mammals as skin is not covered by feathers or fur and a larger part of the skin is exposed and has specific functions | New study required: overspray study (no standardised study available) |
| Chronic | Not covered by dermal study with birds or mammals as skin is not covered and a larger part of the skin is exposed and has specific functions | Not currently addressed, some conclusions can be drawn from the exposure of tadpoles followed till adult stages in the extended life cycle test based on LAGDA study | ||||
| Soil | Acute | Not covered by dermal study with birds or mammals as skin is not covered and a larger part of the skin is exposed and has specific functions | New study required if based on the overspray study the trigger is not met: exposure of adult on sprayed soil | |||
| Chronic | Not covered by dermal study with birds or mammals as skin is not covered and a larger part of the skin is exposed and has specific functions | Not currently addressed, some conclusions can be drawn from the exposure of tadpoles in the extended life cycle test based on LAGDA study | ||||
| Plants | Acute/chronic | Not covered by dermal study with birds or mammals as skin is not covered and a larger part of the skin is exposed and has specific functions | Sufficiently addressed by overspray scenario | |||
| Water puddle | Acute/chronic | Sufficiently addressed by dermal exposure route via overspray or soil | ||||
| Oral | Food | Acute | Not covered by acute oral study with birds or mammals as no correlation between toxicity could be established | Not currently addressed, no reproducible method available, considered relevant | ||
| Chronic | No data available for a comparison | Not currently addressed, no reproducible method available, considered relevant | ||||
| Inhalation | Acute/chronic | Sufficiently addressed by dermal exposure route | ||||