Table 5.
Relevant findings observed in the study by Matulka et al. (2009)
| Dose group | Mean daily intake of PGX (mg/kg bw per day) | RBC count (× 106/µL) | AST (U/L) | ALT (U/L) | SDH (sorbitol dehydrogenase) (U/L) | Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | TG (mg/dL) | Total protein (g/dL) | Albumin (g/dL) | P (mg/dL) | Na (mmol/L) | K (mmol/L) | Cl (mmol/L) | Urine volume (mL) | Specific gravity | pH | Total protein (mg/dL) | Liver weight (g) | Relative liver weights to body weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MALES | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Control | 0 | 9.12 | 107 | 50 | 8.4 | 107 | 0.12 | 36 | 6.2 | 3.1 | 6.9 | 144.2 | 5.39 | 102.4 | 3 | 1.074 | 6.2 | 876 | 11.11 | 27.01 |
| SD | 0 | 0.32 | 32 | 16 | 2.7 | 30 | 0.01 | 11 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 5.6 | 0.28 | 4 | 1.5 | 0.02 | 0.3 | 683 | 1.1 | 1.06 |
| 1.25% | 805.6 | 8.98 | 82 | 43 | 8.3 | 112 | 0.12 | 45 | 6.2 | 3.1 | 7 | 145.5 | 5.39 | 103.4 | 4 | 1.06 | 6.4 | 808 | 11.12 | 26.87 |
| SD | 49.02 | 0.32 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 32 | 0.01 | 19 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 4.8 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 0.017 | 0.3 | 279 | 0.89 | 1.56 |
| 2.50% | 1617.2 | 9.04 | 85 | 46 | 8.2 | 96 | 0.12 | 44 | 6.2 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 145 | 5.44 | 102.9 | 6.3 | 1.054 | 6.6(a) | 745 | 11.62 | 28.31 |
| SD | 72.22 | 0.29 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 13 | 0.02 | 16 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 4.8 | 0.23 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 0.025 | 0.3 | 412 | 1.29 | 1.99 |
| 5% | 3218.9 | 8.78( a ) (diff: −3.7%) | 92 | 48 | 8.3 | 113 | 0.13 | 44 | 6.2 | 3.3( b ) (diff: +6.4%) | 7.5 | 145.6 | 5.34 | 102.9 | 6.4( b ) (diff: +113%) | 1.045( a ) (diff: −2.7%) | 7.1( a ) | 457 | 11.76 | 29.05 |
| SD | 81.34 | 0.18 | 13 | 7 | 2 | 25 | 0.02 | 10 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 | 6.2 | 0.46 | 4.1 | 3.3 | 0.018 | 0.5 | 346 | 0.68 | 1.46 |
| FEMALES | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Control | 0 | 8.21 | 84 | 32 | 10 | 87 | 0.16 | 25 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 5.9 | 143.5 | 5.02 | 104.9 | 2.9 | 1.055 (from 8 animals) | 6 (from 7 animals) | 258 | 6.34 | 26 |
| SD | 0 | 0.13 | 13 | 3 | 2 | 31 | 0.03 | 5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 5.8 | 0.28 | 4 | 3.3 | 0.026 | 0 | 245 | 0.58 | 1.66 |
| 1.25% | 917.5 | 8.19 | 86 | 38 | 9.2 | 97 | 0.16 | 31 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 5.5 | 141 | 4.88 | 102.3 | 4 (from 9 animals) | 1.042 (from 8 animals) | 6.2 (from 8 animals) | 196 (from 9 animals) | 6.7 | 26.54 |
| SD | 51.1 | 0.22 | 6 | 4 | 1.7 | 18 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 6.9 | 0.25 | 5.1 | 2.7 | 0.017 | 0.4 | 374 | 0.84 | 2 |
| 2.50% | 1827.6 | 8.17 | 88 | 40 | 10.3 | 89 | 0.16 | 29 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 4.9 a (diff: 17%) | 143.4 | 4.89 | 104.8 | 1 (from 8 animals) | 1.07 (from 6 animals) | 6.1 (from 5 animals) | 111 (from 7 animals) | 6.51 | 26.17 |
| SD | 115.44 | 0.26 | 10 | 7 | 2.2 | 25 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 5.6 | 0.25 | 3.4 | 1 | 0.011 | 0.2 | 66 | 0.4 | 1.6 |
| 5% | 3798.8 | 8.24 | 101( b ) (diff: +20%) | 54( b ) (diff: +69%) | 10.4 | 103 | 0.18 | 34( b ) (diff: +36%) | 6.4 | 3.5 | 5.4 | 136.6( a ) (diff: −4.8%) | 4.71( a ) (diff: −6.2%) | 100.4( a ) (diff: ‐4.2%) | 6.8( b ) (diff: +134%) | 1.027( a ) (diff: −2.6%) | 6.9( b ) | 61( b ) (diff: −76.3%) | 6.5 | 27.25 |
| SD | 104.82 | 0.4 | 18 | 14 | 2 | 24 | 0.02 | 8 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 5.1 | 0.25 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 0.008 | 0.2 | 46 | 0.38 | 1.81 |
a
Statistically significant different than control at p < 0.05 Dunnett/Tambane–Dunnette test.
b
Statistically significant different than control at p < 0.05 Dunn's test.