Table 46.
Presumptive ESBL‐ and AmpC producing indicator E. coli isolates from fattening pigs collected within the routine monitoring and subjected to supplementary testing (panel 2) in 2015a
| Country | Total number of E. coli tested | Number of E. coli with supplementary testingb | ESBLc | ESBL with clavulanic‐SYN only for CTXd | ESBL with clavulanic‐SYN only for CAZe | AmpCf | AmpC + ESBLg | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | %h | n | %h | n | %h | N | %h | n | %h | |||
| Austria | 163 | 4 | 3 | 1.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Belgium | 186 | 2 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | – | – | 1 | 0.5 | – | – |
| Cyprus | 55 | 4 | 3 | 5.5 | 1 | 1.8 | 1 | 1.8 | 1 | 1.8 | 1 | 1.8 |
| Czech Republic | 187 | 5 | 2 | 1.1 | 2 | 1.1 | – | – | 3 | 1.6 | – | – |
| Estonia | 85 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1.2 | – | – |
| France | 200 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Germany | 212 | 8 | 5 | 2.4 | 1 | 0.5 | – | – | 2 | 0.9 | – | – |
| Greece | 116 | 6 | 6 | 5.2 | 1 | 0.9 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Hungary | 170 | 2 | 2 | 1.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Ireland | 147 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.7 | – | – |
| Netherlands | 298 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.3 | – | – |
| Poland | 170 | 9 | 7 | 4.1 | 3 | 1.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Portugal | 198 | 10 | 10 | 5.1 | 1 | 0.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Romania | 399 | 6 | 3 | 0.8 | 2 | 0.5 | – | – | 2 | 0.5 | – | – |
| Spain | 170 | 1 | 1 | 0.6 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Sweden | 200 | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Total (16 MSs) | 2,956 | 63 | 44 | 1.5 | 12 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.03 | 12 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.03 |
| Norway | 270 | 2 | 1 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.4 | – | – | 1 | 0.4 | – | – |
| Switzerland | 182 | 4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
ESBL: extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase; n= isolates with this phenotype; %: percentage of isolates from the total tested; SYN: synergy; CTX: cefotaxime; CAZ: ceftazidime; MSs: Member States; no genes were reported for these isolates by MSs.
According to EUCAST Guidelines (EUCAST, 2013), only isolates showing an MIC > 1 mg/L for cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime (screening breakpoint) were considered (see Chapter 1.2.5).
For some MSs, it include isolates microbiologically resistant to cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime but with MIC ≤ 1 mg/L for both antimicrobials, suggesting the presence of other mechanisms (as stated above, were not further classified).
All isolates showing clavulanate synergy with cefotaxime, ceftazidime or with both compounds, suggesting the presence of an ESBL (independently of the presence of other mechanisms).
Isolates showing synergy with cefotaxime only, suggesting the presence of an ESBL with cefotaximase activity.
Isolates showing synergy with ceftazidime only, suggesting the presence of an ESBL with ceftazidimase activity.
Isolates with microbiological resistance to cefoxitin, suggesting the presence of an AmpC‐enzyme (independently of the presence of other mechanisms).
Isolates showing synergy with cefotaxime or ceftazidime and with microbiological resistance to cefoxitin, suggesting the presence of ESBL and AmpC‐enzymes in the same isolate. These isolates are included in the ESBL and AmpC columns.
Percentage of the total number of E. coli isolates tested (with panel 1).