Table 52.
Country | Total number of samples tested | ESBLb | ESBL with clavulanic‐SYN only for CTXc | ESBL with clavulanic‐SYN only for CAZd | AmpCe | AmpC + ESBLf | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
%Prevg | %95CI | %Prevg | %95CI | %Prevg | %95CI | %Prevg | %95CI | %Prevg | %95CI | |||||||
Austria | 234 | 3 | 1.2 | 6.1 | 0.4 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 1.6 |
Belgium | 91 | 11.1 | 3.1 | 15.2 | 6.3 | 1.2 | 10.9 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 3.2 | 0.3 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Bulgaria | 461 | 17.3 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 7.7 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 11.5 | 0.5 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 0.1 | 1.6 |
Croatia | 150 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 6.7 | 2 | 0.4 | 5.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 |
Cyprus | 122 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6.6 | 2.9 | 12.5 | 0.8 | 0 | 4.5 |
Czech Republic | 290 | 9.3 | 6.2 | 13.3 | 5.2 | 2.9 | 8.4 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 | 4.8 | 2.7 | 8 | 0.3 | 0 | 1.9 |
Denmark | 315 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 4.9 | 1 | 0.2 | 2.8 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 |
Estonia | 150 | 0.7 | 0 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 4.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 |
Finlandh | 300 | – | 0 | 1.2 | – | 0 | 1.2 | – | 0 | 1.2 | – | 0 | 1.2 | – | 0 | 1.2 |
France | 264 | 0.4 | 0 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 0 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 1.4 |
Germany | 452 | 3.7 | 1.7 | 5.1 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 0 | 1.2 |
Greece | 69 | 1.4 | 0 | 7.8 | 0 | 0 | 5.2 | 0 | 0 | 5.2 | 2.9 | 0.4 | 10.1 | 0 | 0 | 5.2 |
Hungary | 268 | 8.6 | 5.5 | 12.6 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 6.3 | 0 | 0 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 0 | 2.1 |
Latvia | 150 | 6.2 | 1.9 | 9.4 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 5.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 4.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 |
Lithuania | 150 | 7.3 | 3.2 | 11.9 | 4.4 | 1.5 | 8.5 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 0 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 |
Netherlands | 289 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 | 1 | 0 | 1.9 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 |
Portugal | 150 | 7.3 | 3.7 | 12.7 | 4 | 1.5 | 8.5 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 0 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 |
Romania | 224 | 12.5 | 0.5 | 4.5 | 6.3 | 0.1 | 3.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.6 | 3.1 | 0 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 0 | 2.5 |
Slovakia | 150 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0.4 | 5.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 |
Slovenia | 150 | 0.7 | 0 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 0 | 3.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 |
Spain | 299 | 6.9 | 4.1 | 10.1 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 3.9 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 2.8 | 1.2 | 5.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 2.4 |
Swedenh | 289 | – | 0 | 1.3 | – | 0 | 1.3 | – | 0 | 1.3 | – | 0 | 1.3 | – | 0 | 1.3 |
United Kingdom | 312 | 1 | 0 | 1.8 | 1 | 0 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 1 | 0 | 1.8 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 |
Total (23 MSs) | 5,329 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 5.6 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 0.3 | 0.17 | 0.49 |
Norway | 244 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 2.9 | 0.4 | 0 | 2.3 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0 | 2.3 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 |
Switzerland | 298 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 |
ESBL: extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase; SYN: synergy; CTX: cefotaxime; CAZ: ceftazidime; MSs: Member States.
According to EUCAST Guidelines (EUCAST, 2013), only isolates showing an MIC > 1 mg/L for cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime (screening breakpoint) were considered (see chapter 1.2.5).
All isolates showing clavulanate synergy with cefotaxime, ceftazidime or both compounds, suggesting the presence of an ESBL (independently of the presence of other mechanisms).
Isolates showing synergy with cefotaxime only, suggesting the presence of an ESBL with cefotaximase activity.
Isolates showing synergy with ceftazidime only, suggesting the presence of an ESBL with ceftazidimase activity.
Isolates with microbiological resistance to cefoxitin, suggesting the presence of an AmpC‐enzyme (independently of the presence of other mechanisms).
Isolates showing synergy with cefotaxime or ceftazidime and with microbiological resistance to cefoxitin, suggesting the presence of ESBL and AmpC‐enzymes in the same isolate. These isolates are also included in the ESBL and AmpC columns.
Percentage of the total number of E. coli isolates tested (with panel 2).
Finland and Sweden investigated 300 and 289 samples, respectively. None tested positive.