Crop | Region/indoora | Residue levels observed in the supervised residue trials relevant to the supported GAPs (mg/kg) |
Recommendations/comments (OECD calculations) |
MRL proposals (mg/kg) |
HRMo (mg/kg)b |
STMRMo (mg/kg)c |
CFd |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citrus fruits | EU (drenching: 50 g a.i./hL; WHP: 0 day) |
Mo [whole fruit] – Oranges: 0.57; 0.59; 0.6; 0.66; 0.66; 0.84; 1.36; 1.4; 2.06; 2.09; 2.2; 2.2; 2.46; 2.58; 2.59; 2.81; 2.89; 3.12; 4.95 Mo [whole fruit] – Mandarins: 0.49; 0.6; 1.3; 1.51; 1.6; 1.8; 1.8; 2.19; 2.26; 2.4; 2.66; 2.72; 3.34; 4.84 RA [whole fruit] – Oranges: ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; 2.09; ‐; ‐; 2.46; 2.58;‐; 2.81; ‐; ‐; ‐ RA [whole fruit] – Mandarins: ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; 2.27; ‐; 2.68; 2.75; 3.36; ‐ |
Combined data set on oranges and mandarins, compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2010; Netherlands, 2015; Spain, 2016). Residue levels of R014821 may slightly increase with the waiting period. Rber = 5.25 Rmax = 4.46 MRLOECD: not relevante |
6 (tentative)f |
4.95 | 2.09 | 1 |
Mo [Pulp] – Oranges: 5 × < 0.01; 0.02; 0.03; 0.04; 0.09; 0.12; 0.21; 0.69 Mo [Pulp] – Mandarins: 0.02; 0.02; 0.05; 0.08; 0.12; 0.18; 0.43; 0.48 |
Residue levels directly measured in pulp and coming from the same set of residue trials as above were reported for a refined risk assessment | – | 0.69 | 0.05 | 1g | ||
Oranges Grapefruits (fall‐back option) |
EU (waxing: 300 g a.i./hl Volume of 1 L/ton fruits equivalent to 3 g a.i./ton; WHP: 0 day) |
Mo [whole fruit] – Oranges: 0.43; 0.47; 1.1; 1.3; 1.4; 1.5; 1.7; 2.1 Mo [whole fruit] – Mandarins: 1.2; 1.5; 1.6; 1.7; 2.1; 2.3 RA : ‐ |
Combined data set on oranges and mandarins, compliant with GAP (Spain, 2016). Rber = 3.60 Rmax = 2.89 MRLOECD: not relevante |
4 (tentative)f |
2.3 | 1.5 | 1g |
Mo [Pulp] – Oranges: 4 × < 0.01 Mo [Pulp] – Mandarins: < 0.01; 0.02 |
Residue levels directly measured in pulp and coming from the same set of residue trials as above were reported for a refined risk assessment | – | 0.02 | 0.01 | 1g | ||
Apples Pears |
EU (drenching: 25–30 g a.i./hL; WHP: 0 day) |
Mo Apples: 0.3; 0.39; 0.42; 0.55; 0.57; 0.59; 0.63; 0.65; 0.76; 0.84; 0.89; 0.9; 1; 1.33 Mo Pears: 0.34; 0.35; 0.38; 0.45; 0.50; 0.57; 0.66; 0.7; 0.82; 1.02; 1.15; 1.23; 1.24; 1.45; 2.0; 2.1; 2.28; 3.5 RA Apples: ‐ RA Pears: ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; 0.82; 1.02; 1.15; 1.23; 1.24; 1.45; ‐; 2.1; 2.28; ‐ |
Combined data set on apples and pears, compliant with GAP (Belgium, 1996; Netherlands, 2016, Spain, 2016). Rber = 2.42 Rmax = 2.47 MRLOECD: not relevante |
4 | 3.50 | 0.73 | 1 |
EU (drenching: 38 g a.i./hL; WHP: 60 days) |
Mo Apples: 0.4; 0.53; 0.66; 0.75; 1.55; 1.71; 1.81; 2.11; 2.38; 2.77 Mo Pears: 1.2; 1.4 RA Apples: ‐; ‐; ‐; ‐; 1.69; ‐; 1.95; 2.19; ‐; 2.82 RA Pears: ‐; ‐ |
Combined data set on apples and pears, compliant with GAP (Netherlands, 2015; Spain, 2016). Rber = 3.57 Rmax = 4.07 MRLOECD: not relevante |
4 | 2.77 | 1.48 | 1 | |
EU (smoke can: 6 g a.i./tonnes; WHP: 30 days) |
Mo Apples: 0.36, 0.38 Mo Pears: 0.74, 0.79 RA: ‐ |
Combined data set on apples and pears, compliant with GAP (Spain, 2016). Rber = 1.56 Rmax = 1.75 MRLOECD: not relevante |
2 (tentative)h |
0.79 | 0.56 | 1g | |
Bananas | EU (post‐harvest dipping) |
Mo [whole fruit]: 2.12; 2.61; 2.71; 2.8 RA [whole fruit]: 2.76; 2.64; 2.76; 2.83 |
Trials compliant with GAP (Greece, 2016). No data available on pulp at the relevant PHI (35 days). Rber = 5.56 Rmax = 4.12 MRLOECD: not relevante |
5 (tentative)h |
2.80 | 2.66 | 1 |
Potatoes | EU (ware potatoes, post‐harvest spraying) |
Trials compliant with GAP (Netherlands, 2015). Rber = 8.6 Rmax = 7.43 MRLOECD: not relevante |
9 (tentative)i | 4.60 | 2.65 | 1 | |
NEU (seed potatoes, post‐harvest spraying) |
Mo: 10 × < 0.01 RA: ‐ |
Trials compliant with GAP (France, 2016). Metabolite R014821 not expected to occur after seed treatment | 0.01* | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1j | |
SEU (seed potatoes, post‐harvest spraying) |
Mo: 10 × < 0.01 RA: ‐ |
Trials compliant with GAP (France, 2016). Metabolite R014821 not expected to occur after seed treatment | 0.01* | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1j | |
Tomatoes | EU |
Mo: 0.03; 0.03; 0.08; 0.08; 0.09; 0.16; 0.15; 0.14 RA: ‐ |
Trials on tomatoes compliant with GAP. Metabolite R014821 not expected to occur (EFSA, 2010). MRLOECD = 0.3 |
0.3 | 0.16 | 0.09 | 1j |
Sweet peppers/bell peppers | EU | – | No data available | – | – | – | – |
Cucumbers Gherkins Courgettes |
EU |
Mo: 0.02; 0.05; 0.01; 0.02 RA: 0.02; 0.05; 0.01; 0.02 |
Trials performed on cucumbers. Two first trials compliant with GAP. Two additional trials performed with 3 applications instead of 4 (Netherlands, 2016). MRLOECD = 0.09 |
0.1 (tentative)h | 0.05 | 0.02 | 1 |
Melons | EU (post‐harvest drenching |
Mo: 0.47; 0.47; 0.47 RA: ‐ |
Trials performed with drench application (25% deviation on the application rate) (Belgium, 1996) | – | – | – | – |
Barley grains Oats grains Rye grains Wheat grains |
NEU |
Mo: 4 × < 0.05; 4 × < 0.01 RA: ‐ |
Trials performed on barley and compliant with GAP (Belgium, 1996; EFSA, 2010). Based on NEU and SEU trials, an MRL of 0.01* mg/kg can be proposed. Metabolite R014821 not expected to occur (EFSA, 2010) | 0.01* | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1j |
SEU |
Mo: 4 × < 0.01 RA: ‐ |
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Barley straw Oat straw Rye straw Wheat straw |
NEU |
Mo: 4 × < 0.01 RA: ‐ |
Trials on barley compliant with GAP (EFSA, 2010). Based on NEU and SEU trials, an MRL of 0.01* mg/kg can be proposed. Metabolite R014821 not expected to occur (EFSA, 2010) | 0.01* | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1j |
SEU |
Mo: 4 × < 0.01 RA: ‐ |
GAP: Good Agricultural Practice; OECD: Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development; MRL: maximum residue level; WHP: withholding period; PHI: preharvest interval; Mo: monitoring; RA: risk assessment.
* Indicates that the MRL is proposed at the limit of quantification.
NEU: Outdoor trials conducted in northern Europe, SEU: Outdoor trials conducted in southern Europe, Indoor: indoor EU trials or Country code: if non‐EU trials.
Highest residue according to the residue definition for monitoring.
Supervised trials median residue according to the residue definition for monitoring.
Conversion factor for risk assessment; median of the individual conversion factors at the supported PHI for each residues trial (if trials analysing for both residue definition are available).
MRLOECD calculator is not relevant for data obtained by post‐harvest treatment as it may artificially overestimate the MRL calculation derived from homogeneous data set.
MRL is tentative because the storage stability of the metabolite R014821 is not covered in commodities with high acid content.
In the absence of trials analysing for metabolite R014821, a CF of 1 is assumed based on the results observed on the other fruit commodities following post‐harvest treatment (with short WHP).
MRL is tentative because additional residue data trials are still required.
Highest residue levels were observed after a DAT longer than 0 day in samples that were washed before analysis; therefore the whole results are deemed questionable and are used on a tentative basis to derive MRL and risk assessment values.
Although data for metabolite R014821 are not available (or limited), a conversion factor (CF) of 1 can be considered as the metabolite R014821 is not expected to occur for this GAP.