Table 2.
Herd‐level prevalence of BVDV (seropositivity and persistent infection) in EU member states (reproduced from Table 7 of the EU Thematic network on control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) (2001))
| Country/Region | Study Period | Sampling Frame | Sampling method | Sample size (Herds) | Sample | Herd prevalence AB* Number (%) | Herd prevalence Virus/act. Inf Number (%) | Vaccination | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 1996–1998 | Nieder‐Osterreich. All breeding herds |
Stepwise: A; milk, B; Spot test, and C; All animals NPE |
A: 5,024 B: 512 C: 154 |
Milk Spot test All animals |
– | 50 (1.0) (PI animals were identified) | … | Rossmanith and Deinhofer (1998) |
| Denmark | 1994 | Dairy herds | All herds | 16,113 | Bulk milk | – | 6,284 (39) (suspected to have PI) | No vaccination | Bitsch and Rønsholt (1995) |
| Estonia |
1993–1995 1997–1998 1999–2000 |
Dairy cows with ≥ 20 cows | Random sample |
328 363 351 |
Bulk milk and/or young stock test | 152 (46) 65 (18) (suspected to have PI) | No vaccination | Viltrop et al. (2002) | |
| Finland | 1993 | Dairy herds | All herds (˃ 98%) | 34,115 | Bulk milk | 342 (1) | – | No vaccination | Nuotio et al. (1999) |
| England and Wales | 1996 | 9 regions. Dairy herds ˃ 40 cows | Systematic random sample | 1,070 | Bulk milk | 1,021 (95.4) | 701 (65.5) | No vaccination | Paton et al. (1998) |
| Northern Ireland | 1999 | Dairy herds | From the largest milk processor | 929 | Bulk milk | 920 (99) (OD ˃ 0.04) | 461 (49.6) (OD ˃= 0.55) | … | Graham et al. (2001) |
| Norway | 1993 | Dairy herds | All herds | 26,430 | Bulk milk | 9,779 (37) (OD ˃ 0.05) | 1,877 (7.1) (OD ˃ 0.55) | No vaccination | Waage et al. (1996) |
| Sweden | 1993 | Dairy herds | Majority of dairy herds | 14,463 | Bulk milk | – | 7,376 (51%) (OD ˃ 0.55) | No vaccination | Alenius et al. (1997) |
* Note that the antibody detection methods vary between countries as do the cut offs when a herd is considered to have antibody carriers or PI animals. Prevalences are therefore just indicative of the level and not directly comparable between countries.