Table 44.
Number of food‐borne outbreaks (including waterborne outbreaks), human cases, hospitalisations and deaths per causative agents in the reporting Member States, 2016
| Type of agent | Outbreaks | Cases | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strong‐evidence outbreaks | Weak‐evidence outbreaks | Total outbreaks | Reporting rate per 100,000 | Human cases | Mean number per outbreak | Hospitalised | Deaths | ||||
| Number | Number | Number | Number | Number | % of cases | Number | % of cases | ||||
| Bacteria | Campylobacter | 24 | 437 | 461 | 0.10 | 4,606 | 10.0 | 140 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Listeria | 2 | 3 | 5 | 0.00 | 25 | 5.0 | 14 | 56.0 | 2 | 8.0 | |
| Salmonella | 215 | 852 | 1,067 | 0.23 | 9,061 | 8.5 | 1,766 | 19.5 | 10 | 0.1 | |
| Shiga toxin‐producing E. coli (STEC) | 9 | 33 | 42 | 0.01 | 735 | 17.5 | 125 | 17.0 | 3 | 0.4 | |
| Vibrio | 1 | 7 | 8 | 0.00 | 76 | 9.5 | 50 | 65.8 | 0 | 0 | |
| Yersinia | 1 | 7 | 8 | 0.00 | 41 | 5.1 | 3 | 7.3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Other bacterial agents | 4 | 26 | 30 | 0.01 | 279 | 9.3 | 51 | 18.3 | 1 | 0.4 | |
| Subtotal | 256 | 1,365 | 1,621 | 0.35 | 14,823 | 9.1 | 2,149 | 14.5 | 16 | 0.4 | |
| Bacterial toxins | C. botulinum | 8 | 10 | 18 | 0.00 | 49 | 2.7 | 39 | 79.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Other bacterial toxins | 105 | 725 | 830 | 0.18 | 8,918 | 10.7 | 362 | 4.1 | 1 | < 0.1 | |
| Subtotal | 113 | 735 | 848 | 0.18 | 8,967 | 10.6 | 401 | 4.5 | 1 | < 0.1 | |
| Viruses | Calicivirus including norovirus (Norwalk‐like virus) | 94 | 285 | 379 | 0.08 | 11,993 | 31.6 | 404 | 3.4 | 1 | < 0.1 |
| Hepatitis A | 1 | 15 | 16 | 0.00 | 155 | 9.7 | 63 | 40.6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Other viruses/unspecified | 10 | 65 | 75 | 0.02 | 937 | 12.5 | 97 | 10.4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Subtotal | 105 | 365 | 470 | 0.10 | 13,085 | 27.8 | 564 | 4.3 | 1 | < 0.1 | |
| Parasites | Cryptosporidium | 2 | 4 | 6 | 0.00 | 62 | 10.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 |
| Trichinella | 3 | 2 | 5 | 0.00 | 14 | 2.8 | 9 | 64.3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Other parasites/unspecified | 0 | 7 | 7 | 0.00 | 17 | 2.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Subtotal | 5 | 13 | 18 | 0.00 | 93 | 5.2 | 9 | 9.7 | 0 | 0 | |
| Other causative agents | 28 | 78 | 106 | 0.02 | 489 | 4.6 | 74 | 15.1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Other causative agents | Subtotal | 28 | 78 | 106 | 0.02 | 489 | 4.6 | 74 | 15.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Unknown | Unknown | 18 | 1,705 | 1,723 | 0.37 | 12,493 | 7.3 | 672 | 5.4 | 2 | < 0.1 |
| Subtotal | 18 | 1,705 | 1,723 | 0.37 | 12,493 | 7.3 | 672 | 5.4 | 2 | < 0.1 | |
| Total (EU) | 525 | 4,261 | 4,786 | 1.03 | 49,950 | 10.4 | 3,869 | 7.7 | 20 | < 0.1 | |
Other bacterial agents include Francisella, Enterococcus, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Streptococcus, Shigella and other unspecified bacteria. Other bacterial toxins include toxins produced by Bacillus, Clostridium other than Clostridium botulinum and Staphylococcus and other unspecified bacterial toxins. Other viruses include adenovirus, flavivirus, rotavirus and other unspecified viruses. Other causative agents include chemical agents, histamine, lectin, marine biotoxins, mushroom toxins and scombrotoxin. Other parasites include Giardia and other unspecified parasites.