Compound/species	Treatment	Outcome	Reference
2‐methylfuran
Rat	≥ 1,218 μmol/kg bw, i.p. (single exposure)	Liver necrosis, pulmonary bronchiolar lesions	Ravindranath et al. (1986)
Rat, Fischer 344, male	5, 18, 37, 73, 146, 305 μmol/kg bw per day by gavage over 28 days	Mild histological lesions and inflammatory infiltrations in the liver, Changes in serum cholesterol and T3, T4	Gill et al. (2014)
3‐methylfuran
Mouse, NIH Swiss, male	100–200 mg (radiolabelled)/kg bw i.p. single exposure or 200 μmol (radiolabelled)/L, inhalation, 1 h	Bronchiolar necrosis, binding of radioactivity in the lung, 8 h after i.p. injection or 24 h after inhalation	Boyd et al. (1978)
Rat, CD/CR, female Syrian hamster, female	148 and 322 μmol/L, inhalation, 1 h	Hamster: Bronchiolar necrosis after 1 day Rat: Bronchiolar necrosis after 1 day	Haschek et al. (1983)
Mouse, BALB/c, male	14 and 37 μmol/L, inhalation, 1 h	Bronchiolar necrosis after 1 day	Haschek et al. (1984)
Mouse, ICR, male	3,094 μmol/kg bw i.p., (single exposure)	No effects in liver and kidney after 24 h	Wiley et al. (1984)
Mouse, ICR, male	2,600 and 3,100 μmol/kg bw i.p. (single exposure)	Severe bronchiolar necrosis after 24 h	Gammal et al. (1984)
Syrian hamster, male and female	344 μmol/L, inhalation, 2 h once a week over 10 weeks	No pulmonary effects	Witschi et al. (1985)
Rat, Fischer 344, male	1, 4, 18, 37, 73, 146 and 305 μmol/kg bw per day by gavage over 28 days	Histological and gross changes of the liver, changes in serum liver enzymes, increase in serum T3 and T4	Gill et al. (2015)
Rat, Fischer 344, male and female	0, 0.2, 1, 3, 12 and 49 μmol/kg bw by gavage over 90 days (5 days per week)	Liver lesions, kidney lesions, increase in markers for liver and kidney injury in serum	Gill et al. (2017, in press)
2‐ethylfuran
Mouse, Swiss, male	2,081 μmol/kg bw, i.p. (single exposure)	Hepatic centrilobular and renal proximal tubular necrosis after 36 h	McMurtry and Mitchell (1977)
Mouse, ICR, male	2,600 μmol/kg bw, i.p.	Kidney: proximal tubular necrosis liver: focal hydropic degeneration after 24 h	Wiley et al. (1984)
Mouse, ICR, male	2,600 μmol/kg bw, i.p. (single exposure)	Severe bronchiolar necrosis after 24 h	Gammal et al. (1984)
3‐ethylfuran
Mouse, ICR, male	3,100 μmol/kg bw, i.p. (single exposure)	Kidney: proximal tubular necrosis liver: focal hydropic degeneration after 24 h	Wiley et al. (1984)
Mouse, ICR, male	3,100 μmol/kg bw, i.p. (single exposure)	Severe bronchiolar necrosis, slight perivascular oedema after 24 h	Gammal et al. (1984)
3‐pentylfuran
Mouse, ICR, male	1,800 μmol/kg bw, i.p. (single exposure)	Kidney: proximal tubular necrosis, liver: centrilobular necrosis after 24 h	Wiley et al. (1984)
Mouse, ICR, male	1,800 and 2,600 μmol/kg bw, i.p. (single exposure)	No pulmonary effects after 24 h	Gammal et al. (1984)

bw: body weight; i.p.: intraperitoneal.