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. 2017 Aug 7;15(8):e04919. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4919
Age class Country Survey Intakes expressed in mg/day Intakes expressed in mg/MJ
nc Average Median P5 P95 n Average Median P5 P95
< 1 yeara Germany VELS 84 0.7 0.8 0.3 1.2 84 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4
Finland DIPP_2001_2009 247 0.7 0.7 0.0 1.5 245 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.5
United Kingdom DNSIYC_2011 699 1.2 1.3 0.5 1.8 699 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5
Italy INRAN_SCAI_2005_06 9 0.6 0.5 – b – b 9 0.2 0.2 – b – b
1 to < 3 years Germany VELS 174 1.0 0.9 0.4 1.5 174 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Finland DIPP_2001_2009 245 1.3 1.3 0.5 2.1 245 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.5
United Kingdom NDNS Rolling Programme Years 1–3 107 1.4 1.4 0.6 2.4 107 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4
United Kingdom DNSIYC_2011 663 1.4 1.4 0.7 2.1 663 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.5
Italy INRAN_SCAI_2005_06 20 1.2 1.1 0.7 2.1 20 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4
3 to < 10 years Germany EsKiMo 426 1.4 1.3 0.8 2.4 426 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Germany VELS 146 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.7 146 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Finland DIPP_2001_2009 381 1.8 1.8 0.9 2.6 381 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4
France INCA2 239 1.6 1.5 0.9 2.5 239 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4
United Kingdom NDNS Rolling Programme Years 1–3 326 1.4 1.3 0.7 2.3 326 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4
Italy INRAN_SCAI_2005_06 94 1.5 1.4 0.9 2.3 94 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Netherlands DNFCS 2007–2010 231 1.3 1.3 0.6 2.3 231 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2
10 to < 18 years Germany EsKiMo 197 1.5 1.4 0.8 2.3 197 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Finland NWSSP07_08 136 2.2 2.2 1.1 3.7 136 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4
France INCA2 449 1.7 1.7 0.9 2.8 449 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
United Kingdom NDNS Rolling Programme Years 1–3 340 1.5 1.4 0.7 2.7 340 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Italy INRAN_SCAI_2005_06 108 1.7 1.7 1.0 2.6 108 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2
Netherlands DNFCS 2007–2010 566 1.7 1.6 0.8 3.2 566 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
18 to < 65 years Finland FINDIET2012 585 2.0 1.9 0.9 3.8 585 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
France INCA2 936 1.9 1.8 0.9 2.9 936 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
United Kingdom NDNS Rolling Programme Years 1–3 560 1.8 1.7 0.8 3.2 560 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Ireland NANS_2012 634 2.2 2.1 1.0 3.9 634 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4
Italy INRAN_SCAI_2005_06 1,068 1.7 1.7 1.0 2.6 1068 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Netherlands DNFCS 2007–2010 1,023 1.9 1.8 0.9 3.3 1023 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Sweden Riksmaten 2010 623 1.8 1.7 0.9 2.9 623 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
65 to < 75 years Finland FINDIET2012 210 1.7 1.6 0.7 2.9 210 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
France INCA2 111 1.9 1.8 0.9 2.9 111 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3
United Kingdom NDNS Rolling Programme Years 1–3 75 1.9 1.9 0.8 3.0 75 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Ireland NANS_2012 72 1.9 1.8 0.9 2.9 72 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Italy INRAN_SCAI_2005_06 133 1.7 1.7 1.0 2.5 133 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Netherlands DNFCS 2007–2010 91 1.6 1.6 0.8 2.4 91 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Sweden Riksmaten 2010 127 1.6 1.6 0.8 2.4 127 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
≥ 75 years France INCA2 40 1.6 1.6 – b – b 40 0.2 0.2 – b – b
United Kingdom NDNS Rolling Programme Years 1–3 56 1.8 1.6 – b – b 56 0.3 0.2 – b – b
Ireland NANS_2012 34 1.7 1.6 – b – b 34 0.2 0.2 – b – b
Italy INRAN_SCAI_2005_06 69 1.7 1.6 1.0 2.5 69 0.2 0.2 0.13 0.3
Sweden Riksmaten 2010 42 1.6 1.6 – b – b 42 0.2 0.2 – b – b

DIPP: Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention survey; DNFCS: Dutch National Food Consumption Survey; DNSIYC: Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children; EsKiMo: Ernährungsstudie als KIGGS‐Modul; FC_PREGNANTWOMEN: food consumption of pregnant women in Latvia; FINDIET: the national dietary survey of Finland; INCA: étude Individuelle Nationale des Consommations Alimentaires; INRAN‐SCAI: Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca per gli Alimenti e la Nutrizione – Studio sui Consumi Alimentari in Italia; NANS: National Adult Nutrition Survey; NDNS: National Diet and Nutrition Survey; NWSSP: Nutrition and Wellbeing of Secondary School Pupils; VELS: Verzehrsstudie zur Ermittlung der Lebensmittelaufnahme von Säuglingen und Kleinkindern für die Abschätzung eines akuten Toxizitätsrisikos durch Rückstände von Pflanzenschutzmitteln.

a

Infants between 1 and 11 months. The proportions of breastfed infants were 58% in the Finnish survey, 40% in the German survey, 44% in the Italian survey and 21% in the UK survey. Most infants were partially breastfed. The consumption of breast milk was taken into account if the consumption was reported as human milk (Italian survey) or if the number of breast milk consumption events was reported (German and UK surveys). For the German study, the total amount of breast milk was calculated based on the observations by Paul et al. (1988) on breast milk consumption during one eating occasion at different age groups: the amount of breast milk consumed on one eating occasion was set to 135 g/eating occasion for infants between 6–7 months of age and to 100 g/eating occasion for infants between 8 and 12 months of age (Kersting and Clausen, 2003). For the UK survey, the amount of breast milk consumed was either directly quantified by the mother (expressed breast milk) or extrapolated from the duration of each breastfeeding event. As no information on the breastfeeding events were reported in the Finnish survey, breast milk intake was not taken into consideration in the intake estimates of Finnish infants.

b

5th or 95th percentile intakes calculated from fewer than 60 subjects require cautious interpretation as the results may not be statistically robust (EFSA, 2011a) and, therefore, for these dietary surveys/age classes, the 5th and 95th percentile estimates are not presented in the intake results.

c

n, number of subjects.