Table 15.

Set of physiological welfare indicators as provided by the applicant. The first column lists the physiological welfare indicators selected and recorded by the applicant. The second column reports the definition and interpretation of the indicators provided by the applicant. The third column reports EFSA's comments. The last column associates each welfare indicator with the relevant welfare parameter

	Applicant's definition and interpretation	EFSA's comments	Welfare outcomesa
Physiological indicators
Increase in heart rate variability	NA	A stress response in birds is manifested by an increase in HR and a decrease in HRV in all frequency bands (Carravieri et al., 2016). Thus, one can predict that HRV in LAPS will go down. However, even if it was not analysed in the Paper 7 of the applicant, it is visible in Figure 5 that arrhythmia is observed after LAPS application. It is known that the autonomous nervous system (ANS) that controls the heart also controls breathing. Thus, the observed HRV can be interpreted not as a stress response, but as a respiratory arrhythmia. Taking into account highly abnormal respiratory conditions in LAPS, the heart rate measurements can be strongly biased and can't be used as reliable indicators	Pain and/or Distress and/or Suffering
Decrease in heart rate variability	NA	(see above)	Loss of Consciousness and Sensitivity

Green = no welfare concern; orange = some degree of welfare concern (absent in this table); red = serious welfare concern.