Table 5.

Summary of evidence on caprine PRNP gene alleles associated with TSE susceptibility differences

PRNP gene polymorphisms			Type of evidence for resistance association
Codon	Amino acid polymorphisms	Amino acid associated with resistance	Epidemiological studies	Experimental inoculation in goats (i.c. or p.o.)	In vitro conversion CC* − CFC (PMCA‐QuIC)** and Mouse bioassay	Other***
127	G‐S	S	ES, natural classical scrapie (Acín et al., 2013) IT, natural classical scrapie (Acutis et al., 2006) FR, natural classical scrapie (Barillet et al., 2009) EL, Natural classical scrapie (Fragkiadaki et al., 2011) UK, natural classical scrapie (Goldmann et al., 2011)	(i.c.) USA, natural field classical scrapie, derived from GS127 and GG127 goats (Dassanayake et al., 2015)
142	I‐M	M	ES, natural classical scrapie (Acín et al., 2013) IT, natural classical scrapie (Acutis et al., 2006) FR, natural classical scrapie (Barillet et al., 2009) FR, natural classical scrapie (Corbière et al., 2013) EL, natural classical scrapie (Fragkiadaki et al., 2011) UK, natural classical scrapie (González et al., 2009; Goldmann et al., 2011) CY, natural classical scrapie (Papasavva‐Stylianou et al., 2011) CH, natural atypical scrapie IM142, RH154 goat (Seuberlich et al., 2007)	(i.c.) UK, scrapie strains CH1641 and ME7 (Goldmann et al., 1996), FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014) (p.o.) FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014) FR, UK, bovine and caprine BSE (Fast et al., in press)	CFC Scrapie strain ME7 (Eiden et al., 2011)
143	H‐R	R	IT, natural classical scrapie (Acutis et al., 2006) FR, natural classical scrapie (Billinis et al., 2002) EL, natural classical scrapie (Fragkiadaki et al., 2011) CY, natural classical scrapie (Papasavva‐Stylianou et al., 2011) IT, natural classical scrapie (Vaccari et al., 2006)		CFC Scrapie strain ME7 (Eiden et al., 2011)
145	G‐D	D	IT, following experimental inoculation with ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015)	(p.o.) IT, ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015)
146	N‐S	S	EL, natural classical scrapie(Fragkiadaki et al., 2011) CY, natural classical scrapie (Papasavva‐Stylianou et al., 2007, 2011) (Ortiz‐Pelaez et al., 2014) (Georgiadou et al., 2017)	(i.c.) CY, pool of goat natural classical scrapie isolates (CY, 2015) (p.o.) USA, goat natural classical scrapie (White et al., 2012) CY, pool of goat natural classical scrapie isolates (Cyprus, 2015)	CFC Scrapie strain ME7 (Eiden et al., 2011)
146	N‐D	D	CY, natural classical scrapie (Papasavva‐Stylianou et al., 2007, 2011) (Ortiz‐Pelaez et al., 2014) (Georgiadou et al., 2017)	(i.c.) CY, pool of goat natural classical scrapie isolates (CY, 2015) (p.o.) CY, pool of goat natural classical scrapie isolates (Cyprus, 2015)	CC Kanata et al. (2016) CFC Scrapie strain ME7 (Eiden et al., 2011)
154	R‐H	H	ES, natural classical scrapie (Acín et al., 2013) IT, natural classical scrapie (Acutis et al., 2006) FR, natural classical scrapie (Barillet et al., 2009) FR, natural classical scrapie (Billinis et al., 2002) FR, natural classical scrapie (Corbière et al., 2013) EL, natural classical scrapie (Fragkiadaki et al., 2011) IT, ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015) CY, natural classical scrapie (Papasavva‐Stylianou et al., 2007) (Papasavva‐Stylianou et al., 2011) IT, natural classical scrapie (Vaccari et al., 2006) CH, natural atypical scrapie IM142, RH154 (Seuberlich et al., 2007) IT, atypical/Nor98 scrapie (Colussi et al., 2008)	(i.c.) FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014) (p.o.) IT, ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015) FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014)	CFC with ovine scrapie (Bossers et al., 2000) CC with strain 22L(Kanata et al., 2016)
211	R‐Q	Q	ES, natural classical scrapie (Acín et al., 2013) FR, natural classical scrapie (Barillet et al., 2009) EL, natural classical scrapie (Bouzalas et al., 2010) FR, natural classical scrapie (Corbière et al., 2013) EL, natural classical scrapie (Fragkiadaki et al., 2011) UK, natural classical scrapie (Goldmann et al., 2011) IT, ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015)	(i.c.) FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014) (p.o.) IT, ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015), FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014) Bovine and caprine BSE challenge (Fast et al., in press)	CFC with ovine scrapie (Bossers et al., 2000) CC with strain 22L (Kanata et al., 2016)
222	Q‐K	K	ES, natural classical scrapie (Acín et al., 2013) IT, natural classical scrapie (Acutis et al., 2006) FR, natural classical scrapie (Barillet et al., 2009) EL, natural classical scrapie (Bouzalas et al., 2010) FR, natural classical scrapie (Corbière et al., 2013), EL, natural classical scrapie (Fragkiadaki et al., 2011) UK, natural classical scrapie (Goldmann et al., 2011) IT, ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015) IT, natural classical scrapie (Vaccari et al., 2006)	(i.c.) IT, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Acutis et al., 2012) FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014) (p.o.) IT, ovine derived Italian classical scrapie (Maestrale et al., 2015) USA, goat natural classical scrapie (White et al., 2012) FR, goat natural classical scrapie isolate (Lacroux et al., 2014) Bovine and caprine BSE challenge (Aguilar‐Calvo et al., 2015; Fast et al., in press)	CC with strain 22L (Kanata et al., 2016) CFC Scrapie strain ME7 (Eiden et al., 2011) Bioassay Goat classical scrapie isolates from FR, IT, ES (Aguilar‐Calvo et al., 2014) Atypical/Nor98 scrapie (ES, IT) susceptibility in TgK222 & Tgwt mice (Aguilar‐Calvo et al., 2016)	Biljan et al. (2012)
32	G‐stop	–	Benestad et al. (2012)			Bueler et al. (1994)

* CC: cell‐based conversion assay.

** CFC: cell‐free conversion assay. Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA). Quaking induced conversion (QuIC).

*** Other: Evidence from other prion studies that did not use goats.